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    <title>Faith</title>
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    <description>Latest local news from The Durango Herald.</description>
    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 04:56:38 -0600</lastBuildDate>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/taliban-leaders-mark-5-years-in-power-in-afghanistan/</link>
        <title>Taliban leaders mark 5 years in power in Afghanistan</title>
        <description>U.N. official warns of a rights crisis</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 10:58:14 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Taliban delegates from across the country attend a meeting that opens celebrations marking the fifth anniversary of the U.S. withdrawal and the start of Taliban rule, at the Loya Jirga Hall in Kabul, Afghanistan, on Saturday. Siddiqullah Alizai/AP PhotoU.N. official warns of a rights crisisKABUL, Afghanistan – Taliban rulers and other officials gathered at Afghanistan's traditional Loya Jirga assembly hall on Saturday to celebrate the fifth anniversary of their return to power, touting what they described as restored stability and an end to decades of conflict.A top United Nations official, however, warned of a grave human rights crisis in Afghanistan, where girls over age 12 are barred from attending school.The Taliban seized power on Aug. 15, 2021, as the U.S. and other NATO troops withdrew following a costly two-decade war. The U.S. withdrawal led to chaos at Kabul airport as crowds of people tried to flee the country in desperation.Soon after taking power, the Taliban administration imposed a ban on girls' education beyond the sixth grade and later banned higher education for women, despite having pledged before the takeover that women would be allowed access to education, employment and public participation.Women have also been banned from public spaces such as gyms and parks, from taking part in sports and traveling to distant locations without a male guardian.Armed Taliban police stand along a street ahead of celebrations marking the fifth anniversary of the U.S. withdrawal and the start of Taliban rule in Kabul, Afghanistan, on Friday. Nava Jamshidi/AP PhotoTaliban hails 'liberation' from American forcesAt the Loya Jirga, high-ranking officials were joined by some foreign representatives and thousands of ordinary citizens for speeches marking what they said was Afghanistan's liberation from American forces.“We pray to Almighty God to forever protect our homeland from occupation, aggression, wars, and insecurity, and to enable our people to enjoy peace, tranquility, and prosperity under the auspices of the Sharia-based government,” the Taliban government's deputy spokesman, Hamdullah Fitrat, said during the ceremony.Abdul Salam Hanafi, the deputy prime minister in charge of administrative affairs, said the Taliban rule ended an era of external interventions and internal strife in Afghanistan “over the past half-century,” restoring security.“At least 300 Afghan youth were martyred or killed every day,” Hanafi said. “Three hundred sisters would become widows, several children would become orphans and 300 mothers would be grieving. Praise be to God, with the rule of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, this tragedy was removed from the Afghan nation.”There were no women present at the ceremony.Top Taliban official calls for more international engagementFive years on, the Taliban government remains isolated internationally, with Russia being the only country to have recognized it formally.Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi said countries that have engaged with the administration have gained from doing so and called on others that have not established contacts to reconsider their approach.“They should move towards a policy of engagement and mutual interaction,” he said.Celebrations held under tight securityIn Kabul, Afghans took to the squares carrying Taliban flags and chanting slogans in support of the government. Convoys of vehicles wound their way through the city, causing traffic jams.Security was tight, with a heavy Taliban security force presence and several checkpoints on a main road leading to the Loya Jirga.Celebrations were also held in provinces across Afghanistan, where Taliban flags and posters emblazoned with slogans in praise of the Taliban's return to power were displayed along major roads and marketplaces.Four young girls dressed in matching outfits hold Taliban flags on the eve of the fifth anniversary of the U.S. withdrawal and the start of Taliban rule in Kabul, Afghanistan, Friday, Aug. 14. Nava Jamshidi/AP PhotoU.N. warns of worsening human rights crisisIn a video message, Richard Bennett, the U.N. special rapporteur on the human rights situation in Afghanistan, said the country was undergoing a deep human rights crisis.“While the era of war has ended, it's questionable whether there's real peace, and the human rights situation has steadily deteriorated, most dramatically for women and girls,” Bennett said. “My mandate has concluded that this system amounts to the crime against humanity of gender persecution.”“The crisis extends well beyond gender discrimination, even beyond gender apartheid,” he continued, noting that the U.N. continues to document arbitrary arrests, torture, extrajudicial killings and persecution of minorities in Afghanistan.Bennett warned the international community against “normalizing” the Taliban's policies, saying it would legitimize the discrimination and tell “victims their suffering is negotiable.”In an interview with The Associated Press earlier this week, Molvi Hayatullah Mahajar Farahi, deputy minister in the Taliban government for broadcasting at the Ministry of Information and Culture, said despite “challenges and difficulties” the administration has in the past five years delivered security and infrastructure and created jobs.2.4 million girls excluded from secondary educationFarahi, when asked, did not address the issue of the education of girls and women but said “the level of investment made in universities surpasses anything seen in the past.”The U.N. agency on education and culture, UNESCO, estimates that some 2.4 million girls have been excluded from secondary education. The U.N. World Food Program said child malnutrition has reached critical levels in a third of Afghanistan's provinces and is expected to worsen due to funding shortfalls.U.N. Women said this week that women and girls are facing the harshest restrictions in the world and that the bans are damaging Afghanistan's future, with the lack of teachers, doctors, nurses and midwives threatening the country's social and economic foundations.___Fraser reported from Ankara, Turkey.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/ohio-already-has-the-oldest-mormon-temple/</link>
        <title>Ohio already has the oldest Mormon temple</title>
        <description>Now it has one of the newest</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 13:57:46 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[A tour group of Latter-day Saints visits the Kirtland temple site, a nearly two-century old sanctuary considered the first temple in the movement Joseph Smith founded, on Wednesday, June 15, in Kirtland, Ohio. Jessie Wardarski/AP PhotoNow it has one of the newestKIRTLAND, Ohio – Elder Brian Garner led a small group of visitors through the sturdy wooden door of what looked like an ordinary colonial church. But nearly two centuries ago, it was where a radical departure in American religious history took hold.“Welcome to the house of the Lord Jesus Christ,” Garner said.The visitors walked through the church's assembly halls and meeting rooms where Joseph Smith gathered in the 1830s with early followers of the movement that became known as Mormonism. They sang a temple-dedication hymn where it was first sung by pioneers in the faith.The building in this small town near Cleveland is the oldest temple in the Mormon movement, and it's drawing renewed interest since its purchase by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints two years ago from a historically related church. And that attention to the oldest temple comes as the LDS church prepares to dedicate its newest U.S. temple in a nearby Cleveland suburb.It was in the Kirtland temple that Smith initiated rituals and proclaimed divine revelations, promising restoration of ancient rites, scriptures and beliefs that varied dramatically from those of neighboring Christian denominations. It's also where he and others reported seeing visions of biblical prophets, angels – and even Jesus Christ.“I would like to just give you a moment of silence to consider the fact that the Redeemer of the World was here … not very far from where you're seated,” Garner told the visitors. Garner is one of numerous missionaries in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints who offer the tours.Tourists visit the Kirtland temple site, a nearly two-century old sanctuary considered the first temple in the movement Joseph Smith founded, on Wednesday, June 15, in Kirtland, Ohio. Jessie Wardarski/AP PhotoA Mormon landmark in OhioOhio is a lesser-known stop on the Mormon history trail. Better-known are the New York state sites where Smith reported his original divine revelations – or the sites of his followers' embattled settlements in Missouri and Illinois before their ultimate move to Utah.But Kirtland, just northeast of Cleveland, has its own landmark status.The building here is considered the first “temple” in the movement Smith founded – a place with a higher spiritual status than the more numerous meetinghouses where regular worship is held.The LDS church purchased the Kirtland and other historic properties from Community of Christ, a church that also traces its roots to Joseph Smith.On a June day in Kirtland, numerous Latter-day Saints filtered in and out of the temple, some on a multistate bus tour visiting landmarks in Mormon history.“Just to come here and know that this is where Jesus Christ actually stood in the pulpit and spoke to Joseph and the other brethren, it's a feeling that you can't really describe to anybody,” said Pauline Anderson of Mansfield, Ohio.Her husband, Shae Anderson, said Ohio is a “Holy Land,” where many of the church's Scriptures originated.The new Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints temple in Independence, Ohio, near Cleveland, on Wednesday June 15. Jessie Wardarski/AP PhotoA new temple rises in nearby IndependenceThat same morning, another group of church members gathered about 30 miles away in Independence to unveil a new temple. Once it is dedicated on Aug. 16, it will be the first functioning LDS temple in northern Ohio in nearly two centuries. The building, and another being dedicated that same day in Brazil, will be the newest LDS temples, part of an unprecedented global expansion of temple sites.It features a modern design, but its cupola resembles that of the Kirtland structure – an architectural hat tip to its forerunner.“It is fitting that today, in the same region where the first temple was built in this dispensation, another temple now stands,” Mathias Held, an official with the church's temple department, said at a media preview event.Church representatives hosted several open houses for the public to see the new temple's ornate rooms. After its dedication, the temple will be open only to church members in good standing. There, the faithful will partake of rites such as baptisms on behalf of the dead and marriages deemed as sealing couples for eternity.The old Kirtland building, in contrast, has remained open to the public as a historic site because it's not a functioning temple.'I felt like I was going home'More than 53,000 people visited the Kirtland temple in 2025, with others visiting historic homes and businesses used by early church members in and near Kirtland, said Pace Clarke, the Ohio Historic Sites Manager for the church.“This temple is the origin of all Latter-day Saint temples,” Clarke said. “All of those temples point back to what was first taught here.”For Reese Anderson of Bountiful, Utah, who was on a multistate tour of the church's historic sites, the appeal of visiting Kirtland was simple: “I felt like I was going home.”The early LDS presence in Kirtland was dramatic, turbulent and, for Smith and his followers, brief.As a young man in New York, Smith asserted that he received divine instructions to restore the true teachings of the ancient Christian church.Kirtland became a hub of early converts. Smith moved there in 1831. Soon church members began work on a temple. Its design reflects the builders' familiarity with the architectural styles of the time and what they believed was divine guidance, Clarke said.The first and second floors feature large assembly halls with rows of pulpits on different levels, representing a hierarchy of the priesthood just emerging in early Mormon practice.The third floor contains meeting rooms where Smith and other leaders inaugurated a rite that involved foot-washing and anointing by oil, and where Smith reported a divine revelation of new teachings.A major transfer of historic sites to the LDS churchIn 1836, about 1,000 people jammed an assembly hall to dedicate the temple. They sang a new hymn, “The Spirit of God Like a Fire is Burning,” which is now routinely sung at temple dedications.But the Kirtland church community soon experienced schisms and conflicts over doctrine, money and authority. Smith and many followers ultimately moved west.Others formed a separate church, now known as Community of Christ, and eventually assumed management of the Kirtland building, operating it for most of its remaining history.In 2024, the LDS church acquired the temple, other properties and artifacts from Community of Christ for $192.5 million in a transaction that both churches' leaders described as amicable. The acquisition included properties in Nauvoo, Illinois – near the site of Joseph Smith's 1844 murder by a mob, which preceded his followers' exodus to Utah.Community of Christ said the sale boosted its “capacity to pursue our mission priorities.” It continues to hold several meetings at the Kirtland temple each year.Seth Bryant, the historic sites manager for Community of Christ, said the temple retains deep significance for both churches, even as they evolved separately with distinct views on the role of temples and other theological areas.“As a historian and somebody who cared for the temple and loves it a great deal, it was very difficult” to see the property change hands, he said. “Whoever has their name on the deed – that isn't as important to me as the spiritual encounter that happened in that space, as well as what's happening today.”___Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation US, with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/the-leader-of-armenias-apostolic-church-faces-trial-amid-a-feud-with-the-government/</link>
        <title>The leader of Armenia’s Apostolic Church faces trial amid a feud with the government</title>
        <description>Clergymen accused of defying a court order to reinstate a defrocked bishop</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 12:57:59 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[The head of the Armenian Apostolic Church Catholicos Karekin II, center, blesses people in Vagharshapat, Armenia, Friday. Anthony Pizzoferrato/AP PhotoClergymen accused of defying a court order to reinstate a defrocked bishopYEREVAN, Armenia – The head of the influential Armenian Apostolic Church appeared in court Friday for a trial on criminal charges as part of its latest confrontation with the government of Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan.Catholicos Karekin II and six other senior clergymen are accused of defying a court order to reinstate a defrocked bishop. The case is widely seen as a part of long-simmering tensions between Pashinyan, who was reelected earlier this year, and the church, which has called for his ouster.If convicted, Karekin and the other clerics could face up to two years in prison.Relations between the powerful church and Pashinyan's government have deteriorated rapidly since 2024, when tens of thousands of demonstrators, led by a high-ranking cleric, called for his ouster. They were angered by Armenia's agreement to hand over control of several border villages to Azerbaijan and normalize relations with its neighbor after being locked for decades in territorial disputes.Many clergy bitterly opposed the handover of the villages and criticized Pashinyan, who came to power in the South Caucasus nation amid a wave of hopeful, pro-democracy protests that swept Armenia in 2018. Some senior clerics have since faced a crackdown by the government.The judge in the trial recuses himselfThe first court hearing took place Friday in the central city of Vagharshapat, also known as Etchmiadzin, which is Armenia's spiritual capital and the headquarters of the church.Shortly after the hearing, Karekin's lawyer Ara Zograbyan told reporters the judge in the case has recused himself.The head of the Armenian Apostolic Church Catholicos Karekin II, center, arrives at the Armavir Court of First Instance in Vagharshapat, Armenia, Friday. Anthony Pizzoferrato/AP Photo“I welcome this move by the judge, because in effect he refused to become a part of this shameful proceeding,” Zograbyan said, adding that the case will be assigned to a new judge.Hundreds of Karekin's supporters gathered outside the courthouse in Vagharshapat, which is located about 11 miles west of Armenia's capital, Yerevan. Members of opposition parties, clergy leaders and representatives of nongovernmental organizations also came for the hearing.Samvel Karapetyan, head of the pro-Russian opposition party Strong Armenia, called the case against Karekin a “national disgrace.”“It seemed that maybe the authorities would come to their senses and stop their attacks on the church, but they're keeping at it,” local media quoted him as saying.The case of a defrocked bishop led to the chargesThe charges arose after the church in January defrocked Bishop Gevorg Saroyan, who had previously called for Karekin's ouster. The church accused Saroyan of abuse of power. Saroyan contested the move in court, which sided with him and ordered his reinstatement.The church refused, and Armenia's Prosecutor General's office launched the case against Karekin and the other clerics in February, accusing them of defying a court order and barring them from leaving the country.Two other top clergymen were arrested last year. Archbishop Mikael Ajapahyan was convicted of calling for the overthrow of the government, and Archbishop Bagrat Galstanyan, who led the anti-government protests in 2024, is currently under house arrest awaiting trial on charges of attempting a coup, fomenting mass unrest and preparing a terrorist attack.Earlier this year, an appellate court overturned Ajapahyan's conviction and ordered a new trial.Clerics denounce the case as an assault on church autonomyDuring an evening service at the Etchmiadzin Cathedral, Karekin denounced the case against him.“These days the authorities take steps to undermine the church's authority, restrict its autonomy and subjugate it to their will,” he said, adding that the institution's autonomy is at the core of Armenia's prosperity.Archbishop Natan Hovhannisyan, head of the Department of External Relations and Protocol of the church and one of the defendants, said the church is not an entity that can be “nationalized, expropriated and have a manager appointed.”–Karmanau reported from Tallinn, Estonia.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/millions-join-arbaeen-pilgrimage-in-iraq-amid-regional-tensions-and-fears-of-u-s-iran-escalation/</link>
        <title>Millions join Arbaeen pilgrimage in Iraq amid regional tensions and fears of U.S.-Iran escalation</title>
        <description>The Islamic month of Muharram is one of the world&apos;s largest annual religious gatherings</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:34:44 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Aerial photo shows Shiite pilgrims gathering between the holy shrine of Imam Hussein and the holy shrine of Imam Abbas ahead of Arbaeen, the annual Shiite commemoration marking 40 days after Ashura, in Karbala, Iraq, Sunday. Hadi Mizban/AP PhotoThe Islamic month of Muharram is one of the world's largest annual religious gatheringsBAGHDAD – Millions of Shiite Muslims observed the annual Arbaeen pilgrimage Tuesday in the Iraqi holy city of Karbala, under the shadow of ongoing regional tensions and fears of another round of escalation in the U.S.-Iran war.Arbaeen is held 40 days after Ashoura, which commemorates the killing of Imam Hussein, grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, and members of his family, at the Battle of Karbala in 680 A.D.The operations command overseeing the Arbaeen pilgrimage at the Office of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces said on Monday that more than 4.88 million pilgrims had entered Iraq since the first day of the Islamic month of Muharram, which includes Ashoura and the period leading up to Arbaeen, with arrivals from various countries ongoing for what is considered one of the world's largest annual religious gatherings.Millions more pilgrims typically come from different regions of Iraq to Karbala for the occasion.Among the highest- profile foreign visitors was Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, who arrived in the Iraqi city of Najaf Monday and continued on to Karbala to take part in the pilgrimage.Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, center, is surrounded by security personnel as he walks during the Arbaeen commemoration in Najaf, Iraq, Monday. Anmar Khalil/AP PhotoAraghchi's presence was a reminder of the delicate balancing act Iraq – which has close ties to both Washington and Tehran – has carried out since the beginning of the war. Iraq has found itself in the crosshairs of both sides and has sought to avoid getting pulled further into the conflict.As usual, Iranian pilgrims arrived in large numbers, but some observers said the number of pilgrims from other countries had shrunk.Aqeel al-Rubaie, 45, a pilgrim from Baghdad who was on his way to Karbala, said Iranian flags were particularly visible along the Najaf-Karbala road, while there were fewer flags than usual from European, Arab and other Islamic countries.He attributed this to “the war and the events unfolding across the region, which have affected the number of Arab and foreign pilgrims.”Another pilgrim from Baghdad, Hassan al-Sarai, 35, said, “I hardly saw any flags other than Iranian ones, which were clearly visible along the road as well as inside and around the city of Karbala.”Volunteer processions providing food, water, medical care and other services lined the roads leading to Karbala from across Iraq.The pilgrimage is taking place this year as Iraq faces difficult economic conditions following the war and the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, which has disrupted Iraqi oil exports. More than 90% of Iraqi state revenues come from oil exports, making the country's economy highly vulnerable to any interruption in crude shipments.An Irani Shiite Muslim weeps as he prays inside the holy shrine of Imam Abbas ahead of the Arbaeen festival in Karbala, Iraq, Sunday. Hadi Mizban/AP PhotoIt also comes as Baghdad is wrestling with a difficult task it has set for itself: disarming the country's network of militias, many of them Iran-backed.One of the most powerful Iran-backed militias, Kataib Hezbollah, said in a statement marking the occasion of Arbaeen that it rejects calls to disarm and remains committed to retaining what it described as the “weapons of the resistance.”Meanwhile in Iran, many observant Shiites unable to make the pilgrimage to Karbala held their own observances, which sometimes took on a political tone.In the capital, Tehran, black-clad mourners rallied along a nearly 12-mile route to a Shiite holy shrine in the south of the city from a starting point in the central part of the city.The mourners chanted slogans seeking retaliation for the killing of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in strikes by the U.S. and Israel, while some demonstrators trampled on U.S. and Israeli flags.State media said similar rallies were held in other Iranian cities and towns.––Associated Press writer Nasser Karimi in Tehran contributed.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/federal-judge-dismisses-a-lawsuit-over-makeup-of-trumps-religious-liberty-commission/</link>
        <title>Federal judge dismisses a lawsuit over makeup of Trump’s Religious Liberty Commission</title>
        <description>Commission already challenging the separation of church and state</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2026 10:21:04 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[President Donald Trump stands before speaking at the Faith & Freedom Coalition's policy conference at the Washington Hilton, Friday, June 26, in Washington. Julia Demaree Nikhinson/AP PhotoCommission already challenging the separation of church and stateA federal judge tossed out a lawsuit Monday from an interfaith group that challenged the legitimacy of President Donald Trump's Religious Liberty Commission, dismissing claims that its overwhelmingly conservative Christian makeup lacked a legally required balance of viewpoints.Judge John P. Cronan said that although a federal law requires that advisory commissions have a balance of viewpoints, it didn't specify how this should be done. The New York judge said Trump has wide discretion in picking members.The lawsuit was filed by several plaintiffs, including the progressive Interfaith Alliance as well as Hindu, Muslim and Sikh groups. They argued that the commission was imbalanced because it consisted almost entirely of conservative Christians, along with one Orthodox Jewish rabbi, and that several commissioners were on record questioning church-state separation and supporting the idea of America as a Judeo-Christian country.Critics of the commission said such fears were borne out when it issued a draft report in June that challenged the understanding of a separation of church and state in recent generations, calling instead for “bridges” between the two.But Cronan said the lawsuit, which sought a more ideologically and religious diverse commission, failed to meet legal criteria to proceed.He also wrote that the commission is diverse in other ways, such as including both clergy and lay people. And he said the commission has “adherents of at least five different religions” – by citing the one Jewish member and then members of various Christian denominations and identities.The Interfaith Alliance argued that the commission lacked balance because members believed “the law should protect the exercise of religious beliefs over the civil rights of minority groups.” But Cronan wrote that because Trump's executive order creating the commission rejected the idea of “religious liberty as inconsistent with civil rights,” he wasn't obligated to appoint someone who disagreed with that founding premise.The Interfaith Alliance has been vocal in criticizing the commission, saying its recent draft report failed to address crucial issues such as anti-Muslim attacks and saying it supports policies privileging some religious groups over others.“Today's dismissal wrongly ignored that the Commission privileges one narrow religious and ideological view,” the Rev. Paul Brandeis Raushenbush, president and CEO of Interfaith Alliance, said in a statement. “Interfaith Alliance and our multifaith partners will keep standing up to Christian nationalism wherever it threatens our democracy. Our fight for true religious freedom continues.”___Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation U.S., with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/a-centuries-old-festival-in-japan-brings-shinto-traditions-and-towering-floats-to-the-streets/</link>
        <title>A centuries-old festival in Japan brings Shinto traditions and towering floats to the streets</title>
        <description>The top of a festival float is seen during one of the main parades of Shinto&apos;s Gion Matsuri festival in Kyoto, western Japan, on Friday. Fred Mery/AP Photo KYOTO, Japan – There’s a special moment when Katsushi Horikawa feels closer...</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 11:07:51 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[The top of a festival float is seen during one of the main parades of Shinto's Gion Matsuri festival in Kyoto, western Japan, on Friday. Fred Mery/AP Photo KYOTO, Japan – There's a special moment when Katsushi Horikawa feels closer to the gods. It comes as he rides atop one of the towering floats pulled through the streets in a centuries-old procession in Japan.This is the Gion Matsuri festival, born more than 1,000 years ago as a ritual to ward off epidemics and celebrated in the former imperial city of Kyoto throughout July.“I am conscious of them when I'm riding on top,” Horikawa said. “When we're assembling it as well, but I think the main time is when I'm riding on it.”The parades – accompanied by dances, music and song – draw large crowds and tourists every year. The biggest floats can weigh up to 12 tons. Yet behind the festive atmosphere lies a tradition rooted in the worship of deities and rituals of protection.“Those performances are not meant primarily for the entertainment of people,” said Fabio Rambelli, a religious studies professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. “They are offerings to the gods.”A geiko, a regional word for geisha, and a maiko watch one of the main parades of Shinto's Gion Matsuri festival in Kyoto, western Japan, on Friday. Fred Mery/AP PhotoA festival that has layers of religious historyThe Gion Matsuri originated in the late 9th century as a ritual to appease spirits believed to cause epidemics and to pray for protection from disease. It takes its name from Kyoto's Gion District and “matsuri,” the Japanese word for festival.At the heart of the celebration is Kyoto's Yasaka Shrine, a Shinto site whose principal deity has long been revered as a protector against calamities. But the shrine's history also reflects centuries of interaction between Shinto and Buddhism in Japan.“Until about 150 years ago it was a Buddhist temple,” Rambelli said. “That's part of the religious changes that have taken place in Japan.”Back then, the sanctuary's main deity was Gozu Tennō, an ox-headed figure believed to have the power either to spread epidemics or to avert them.“It was a kind of syncretic deity – probably of Indian origin – with connections to Korea and local folklore,” Rambelli said. “A lot of gods in Japan are a mixture of different traditions.”Early versions of the Gion Matsuri involved that deity, Rambelli said.To show evil forces and spirits that their god would confront them, devotees carried him around the city in processions that resembled those seen throughout Kyoto today.A shrine's turn from Buddhism helps shape today's Shinto practicesJapan's government separated the two traditions of Shinto and Buddhism in 1868 during the Meiji era, effectively bringing Shinto shrines under state control and placing the emperor at the center of the new order.“Because the emperor was the direct descendant of the goddess of the sun, they purified the whole system creating what now we see as Shinto,” said Andrea De Antoni, professor of anthropology and religious studies at the University of Kyoto.De Antoni said a strong anti-Buddhist movement followed. Temples, mandalas and statues were burned and destroyed.Shinto was formally separated from the state after World War II, but its traditions still reflect a broader history of religious and cultural influences.Musicians are seen atop a festival float during one of the main parades of Shinto's Gion Matsuri festival in Kyoto, western Japan, Friday. Fred Mery/AP Photo“It is an institutionalized religion that revolves around ideas of deities called kami and different spirits,” De Antoni said.“Kami shares its rules with general ideas of animism that can be found throughout the world, but there are a lot of similarities with certain parts of Southeast Asia and with the Pacific,” he added.Ancient traditions bring communities togetherJapanese festivals often serve as ways for deities to be brought into the streets for sacred or ritual purposes while also bringing communities together in celebration.“This is the festival of all the people in the neighborhood,” said Jacques Garrigues, a Frenchman who has lived in Kyoto for three decades and who attended the Gion Matsuri procession with his son on Friday.“We also come together through a certain sense of religion, although the religious significance is not the same as in France,” he added.Among the traditions preserved by the Gion Matsuri is the choosing of a boy as a sacred messenger to the gods. During the parade, the selected boy is seen sitting on one of the floats, his feet never touching the ground.Some key participants spend months getting ready for the celebrations. Different neighborhoods prepare their floats with great care and dedication, with many people trusting the floats will drive away evil spirits.Atsushi Matono is responsible for erecting the shingi, a sacred tree placed at the top of one of the floats – the holiest part of the structure, to which a deity is believed to descend.Like Horikawa, he describes feeling a sacred presence.“I always carry out my work with great care and respect,” Matono said. “Feeling the presence of the gods.”___Hernández reported from Beijing.___Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation U.S., with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/vatican-excommunicates-schismatic-bishops-and-priests-and-warns-their-followers/</link>
        <title>Vatican excommunicates schismatic bishops and priests, and warns their followers</title>
        <description>Says the Society of St. Pius X had formally broken with the Catholic Church</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 03 Jul 2026 10:53:39 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=FCACECB7-8BD6-518C-94B0-54547BACEC60&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=0.05625&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.88875&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Newly consecrated bishops, from left, Pascal Schreiber, Michael Goldade, Michel Poinsinet de Sivry and Marc Hanappier, wearing their miters and holding their pastoral staffs, pray at the end of their consecration ceremony in a tent set up outside the Society of St. Pius X seminary in Econe, Switzerland, Wednesday, July 1. AP Photo/Baz Ratner/AP PhotoSays the Society of St. Pius X had formally broken with the Catholic ChurchVATICAN CITY – The Vatican responded aggressively Thursday to a traditionalist group that consecrated bishops without the pope's consent, declaring the Society of St. Pius X had formally broken with the Catholic Church. It excommunicated its bishops and priests, and warned its faithful that they too face the harshest sanctions in the church.By declaring a schism and extending excommunications to potentially thousands of Catholics, the Vatican's doctrine office went above and beyond the minimum sanctions foreseen by the church's canon law to respond to the consecrations Wednesday of four new bishops.The society, known by its acronym SSPX, celebrates the ancient Latin Mass and opposes the modernizing reforms of the Catholic Church, which it considers to be rife with heresies and errors. While a fringe movement on the Catholic right, the SSPX has been a thorn in the Vatican's side for five decades because it claims to be even more Catholic than the Holy See.During a ritual-filled, five-hour Mass on Wednesday at its seminary in Econe, Switzerland, the SSPX consecrated four new bishops in direct defiance of Leo, who had urged the group to hold off for the sake of church unity. An estimated 15,500 people and their children attended, a sign that the SSPX has plenty of supporters who came from around the world knowing full well they were defying Rome.The harshness of the response suggested that after trying to negotiate with the SSPX, the Vatican under Pope Leo XIV had had enough.Vatican decree targeted bishops and faithfulIn a decree, the Vatican excommunicated the four new bishops and the two existing SSPX bishops who participated in the ceremony. It declared the consecrations a “schismatic act” and that the society itself had created a schism, or intentional rupture with the church.It declared SSPX priests – who number about 750 – to be schismatic, and therefore excommunicated, and invalidated the sacraments of confession and marriage that they administer. The Vatican warned the faithful to stop going to SSPX Masses, decreeing that “those who adhere formally” to the society are schismatic and excommunicated.The Vatican said that applied to people who are members of the SSPX lay branch and those who “regularly attend” SSPX Masses and formally share its doctrinal positions. The sanctions don't apply to Catholic faithful who attend SSPX Masses “just for liturgical or spiritual reasons” or those who go but accept the pope's authority and teaching.The SSPX doesn't have an exact count but estimates around 400,000-600,000 people attend its Masses, meaning Thursday's decree could potentially involve the excommunications of thousands of rank-and-file SSPX faithful.The sanctions, especially those targeting the priests, the faithful and the sacraments they can receive, were particularly harsh and reversed concessions the Vatican had granted the SSPX in recent years as part of its outreach to bring the group back under Rome's wing.Marc-André Mabillard, media manager for the society, expressed shock at the severity of the sanctions and called them “unjust.”Newly consecrated bishops, from left, Pascal Schreiber, Michael Goldade, Michel Poinsinet de Sivry and Marc Hanappier hold their pastoral staffs at the end of their consecration ceremony in a tent set up outside the Society of St. Pius X seminary in Econe, Switzerland, Wednesday, July 1. Baz Ratner/AP Photo“For us, this excommunication extended to the faithful is brutal. It's not what we expect from a father to whom we refer every day,” he told The Associated Press. “We are told, 'You claim to have the truth.' Fine. I'm just saying that we certainly have our flaws, but our main flaw today is having a leader who doesn't want to communicate with us. And that's terrible.”The Vatican's doctrine chief, Cardinal Víctor Manuel Fernández, met in February with the SSPX superior, the Rev. Davide Pagliarani, and proposed a dialogue. But Pagliarani asked instead to meet with Leo, who declined but wrote a letter Tuesday begging the SSPX to call off the consecrations.The group's founders opposed reformsFrench Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre founded the SSPX in 1970 in opposition to the modernizing reforms of the Second Vatican Council. Among other things, the 1960s meetings known as Vatican II revolutionized the church's relations with other Christians, Jews and people of other faiths and allowed Mass to be celebrated in the vernacular rather than Latin.Lefebvre consecrated four bishops without papal consent in 1988. The Vatican promptly excommunicated Lefebvre and the four bishops and declared the consecrations a “schismatic act.”Pope Benedict XVI in 2009 lifted the excommunications as part of his yearslong outreach to the group. But the SSPX today has no legal standing in the church and with Thursday's decree is declared to be in schism.The consecrations had posed a crisis for Leo because the American pope has stressed the need for church unity. He has reached out especially to the conservative and traditionalist wing of the church that was in many ways alienated during the Pope Francis pontificate.The Vatican responded so aggressively in part because the group poses something of a threat by representing a parallel, ultra-Catholic, pre-Vatican II church that has grown in the decades since its original break from Rome. While representing a fraction of the 1.4-billion strong Catholic faithful, the SSPX now has six bishops, 751 priests, 264 seminarians, 145 religious brothers, 88 oblates and 250 religious sisters representing 50 nationalities, according to SSPX statistics.A key Vatican II document rejected by the SSPX is one that, among other things, deplored antisemitism in every form and repudiated the “deicide” charge that blamed Jews as a people for Christ's death. The Vatican crafted the document as the church reckoned with the role traditional Christian teaching had played in the Holocaust.The SSPX today says it rejects accusations that it ever taught or practiced antisemitism, and the SSPX distanced itself from one of the original 1988 bishops, the late Bishop Richard Williamson, when he denied the Holocaust.Traditionalists in communion with Rome respondIn a note accompanying the decree, the Vatican said it was willing, “like a caring mother,” to welcome any SSPX faithful back into the fold. It laid out specific procedures for SSPX priests and faithful, by signing two forms professing the faith, promising fidelity to the pope and accepting the core teaching of Vatican II.While the SSPX is out of communion with Rome, plenty of other Catholic traditionalists who love the Latin Mass remain in communion with the Holy See. They had been watching carefully to see how Leo's Vatican would respond to the SSPX consecrations and were surprised by the harshness of Thursday's sanctions.“He's brought the hammer down,” said Joseph Shaw, head of the Latin Mass Society of England and Wales, which is in communion. Shaw expressed sympathy with the plight of ordinary SSPX faithful, saying the invalidation of marriages especially is going to cause “massive” pastoral problems. “It's a sad day.”Luigi Casalini, of the blog Messa in Latino, meaning Latin Mass, said the excommunication of the bishops was correct because canon law provides for it. But the extension of the excommunications to SSPX priests and faithful was “an act of unusual severity,” he said, while saying the invalidation of SSPX sacraments was problematic.One of the thousands of worshippers at Wednesday's consecrations was Allison Isermann, a 24-year-old from St. Marys, Kansas, a small town with a large SSPX church. She grew up as a society member and strongly defended its teaching in opposition to Vatican II, specifically its openness to those of other faiths.“It is actually very anti-Catholic and anti-charitable to affirm others and their beliefs when it is our duty and our mission to actually convert and sanctify the world and to restore all things in Christ,” she said.___Keaten contributed from Geneva.___Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation U.S., with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/massive-shiite-crowds-mark-the-holy-day-of-ashoura/</link>
        <title>Massive Shiite crowds mark the holy day of Ashoura</title>
        <description>Commemoration comes against backdrop of Iran-Israel-U.S. war fallout</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 26 Jun 2026 11:51:31 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Hezbollah supporters beat their chests, as they march during the holy day of Ashoura that commemorates the 7th century martyrdom of the Prophet Muhammad's grandson Hussein, in Dahiyeh, Beirut's southern suburbs, Lebanon, Friday on Hussein Malla/AP PhotoCommemoration comes against backdrop of Iran-Israel-U.S. war falloutNABATIYEH, Lebanon – Shiite Muslims on Friday marked Ashoura, one of the most important days on their calendar, with large gatherings in Iran, Iraq, Lebanon and other parts of the Muslim world to remember the seventh-century killing of Hussein, the grandson of Islam's Prophet Muhammad.The annual commemoration is observed on the 10th day of the month of Muharram in the lunar-based Islamic calendar. Ashoura is the culmination of a 10-day mourning period and marks the day Hussein was killed alongside members of his family and companions as he fought against the army of Caliph Yazid, to whom Hussein had refused to pledge allegiance.Hussein's killing cemented the schism between Sunni and Shiite Islam and remains a powerful symbol of resistance against oppression and injustice.Shiite men bleed from self-inflicted wounds after cutting their heads with swords during a procession to mark the Muslim festival of Ashoura, on the 10th day of Muharram, in Basra, Iraq, Friday. Ali Rahim/AP PhotoAshoura this year comes after a war between predominantly Shiite Iran and the United States and Israel, who launched strikes on the country on Feb. 28, killing senior officials including Supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The 86-year-old Khamenei was not just Iran's top political leader but also had a final say on all religious matters and was revered by millions of Shiites worldwide.A funeral procession for Khamenei is scheduled to take place in early July.On Friday, large crowds of people gathered in the Iraqi Shiite holy city of Karbala to mark Ashoura. Hussein is buried in the city where he was killed in the battle that took place in 680, and his shrine is visited by millions of Shiites from around the world every year.In Baghdad, thousands marched through the streets, including some who slashed their heads with razors and performed other forms of self-flagellation in a show of grief to mark the occasion.In Lebanon, where a fragile ceasefire between Israel and the Iran-backed Hezbollah is in place, thousands of black-clad mourners gathered in Beirut's southern suburbs at a shrine to Hezbollah's former longtime leader, Hassan Nasrallah, who was killed in a series of massive Israeli strikes in 2024.Women weep and mourn during a sermon marking the third day of Ashoura, the Shiite Muslim commemoration of the 7th-century death of Imam Hussein, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, in the southern port city of Tyre, Lebanon, Friday, June 19. Hassan Ammar/AP PhotoWomen clutched photographs of sons and brothers killed in the war – many of them fighting for Hezbollah – while others held photographs of Nasrallah or Iran's Khamenei, who was killed in February in an attack by the U.S. and Israel.Many of them sobbed. Expressions of grief for the death of the Imam Hussein are traditional during Ashoura, but many of the mourners were also grieving more personal losses.Nagham Jaber said her fiance was killed in the war.“This war was truly harsh on all of us, and now we are feeling the meaning of Ashoura more than usual,” she said.In the southern Lebanese city of Nabatiyeh, that is usually a major center to commemorate Ashoura, dozens of people gathered near the main square, much of which was destroyed by Israeli airstrikes over the past weeks, with some of them inflicting head injuries on themselves to express their mourning. The practice is widely opposed by many Shiites, including Hezbollah.Earlier on Friday, state media and Associated Press journalists on the ground reported two Israeli airstrikes on the nearby village of Nabatiyeh al-Fawqa. It was not immediately clear if the strike inflicted any casualties.“Despite all the hardships, everything happening to the Shiite Muslim community, and the wars we are facing, we came to reaffirm our loyalty, our love and our unwavering passion for Imam Hussein,” said Khader Kamal.To Shiites, who make up the second-largest branch of Islam after the Sunni majority, the killing of Hussein holds deep religious and historical resonance and plays a key role in shaping identity.Hezbollah's leader, Naim Kassem, said in a speech Friday that Ashoura is being repeated again by the U.S. and Israel, adding that his group and its supporters were subjected to a “war of elimination.”“America and Israel also wanted to eliminate Iran by removing the regime and controlling the country,” Kassem said. “The memorandum of understanding is a declaration of defeat for America and Israel,” Kassem said of the deal reached this month between Washington and Tehran.___Sewell reported from Beirut. Associated Press writer Bassem Mroue in Beirut contributed to this report.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/dragon-boat-festival-links-modern-china-to-traditions-more-than-2000-years-old/</link>
        <title>Dragon Boat Festival links modern China to traditions more than 2,000 years old</title>
        <description>Competitors take part in the Aberdeen Dragon Boat Race to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in Hong Kong, Friday. Chan Long Hei/AP Photo BEIJING – Dragon boat races, lion dances and other festivities marked the Dragon Boat Festival on Friday...</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 10:51:47 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Competitors take part in the Aberdeen Dragon Boat Race to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in Hong Kong, Friday. Chan Long Hei/AP Photo BEIJING – Dragon boat races, lion dances and other festivities marked the Dragon Boat Festival on Friday across mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The more than 2,000-year-old holiday is best known for its sporting events, but its origins are rooted in ancient beliefs about health, protection and harmony with nature.“The fact that this holiday has been preserved for thousands of years shows how much we value our traditional customs,” said Meng Dongmei, a retired resident of Beijing's Tongzhou district.Meng said her family observes the holiday through a variety of traditional customs. They prepare zongzi, the sticky rice dumplings associated with the festival, and children wear five-colored bracelets believed to ward off evil.“We also learned online about a traditional recipe using mugwort leaves, red dates, brown sugar and ginger to boil eggs,” Meng said. “We heard that it could help ward off illness and keep people healthy throughout the year, so we hope that through this festival our family will enjoy good health.”Thousands to gather for boat racesBeijing's 2026 celebrations will continued through the weekend at the capital's Grand Canal.The three-day event featured men's, women's and mixed dragon boat races over distances of 100, 200 and 500 meters. Teams from Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Guangdong will compete throughout the holiday weekend.More than 1,000 athletes and 200,000 spectators are expected to gather for the event, organizers said in a press release.“The competition helped strengthen our team spirit,” said Li Maoshan, a participant in Friday's races. “It also gave us an opportunity to demonstrate the spirit of perseverance and hard work.”Competitors splash water on each other during the Aberdeen Dragon Boat Race to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in Hong Kong on Friday. Chan Long Hei/AP PhotoBeyond the racesAmong the cultural features during Beijing's Dragon Boat Festival were demonstrations of Wing Chun martial arts, a market featuring traditional handicrafts and a performance in which dancers mimic the movements of a lion.Activities were intended to highlight cultural exchanges between northern and southern China, officials said.Friday's lion dance was presented by a group of performers from Guangdong province in southern China. “Wherever there is a festive occasion, you'll find dragon and lion dances,” said He Weihong, founder of the group. “Dragon boat racing and dragon-and-lion dancing are inseparable, as they are both part of our intangible cultural heritage.”Ancient customs on health and protectionThe festival's roots run deeper than sporting competitions. It is widely associated with the ancient poet Qu Yuan, who according to legend drowned himself more than 2,000 years ago.Tradition holds that people raced out in boats to search for him and threw rice into the river so fish would not eat his body. That story is often linked to both today's dragon boat races and the zongzi still prepared by families across China.“The Dragon Boat Festival is probably the richest and most diverse of all traditional Chinese festivals,” said Tsinghua University history professor Liu Xiaofeng. “Across different regions, people developed a wide variety of traditions based on ideas connected to the summer solstice and the balance of yin and yang.”The holiday falls in the fifth month of the traditional Chinese lunar calendar, around the time of the summer solstice. Ancient Chinese viewed this as a period when insects, poisonous creatures and disease became more prevalent, giving rise to a wide range of customs aimed at preserving health and warding off misfortune.“At its core, the Dragon Boat Festival is about disease prevention, warding off evil and maintaining health,” Liu said.Some people wear sachets containing medicinal herbs during the festival. Others fumigate their homes with smoke, a practice intended to prevent disease by driving out things considered harmful.“Chinese people have traditionally placed a special emphasis on happiness, well-being and living in peace and safety,” Liu said. “Nearly all of China's major festivals are connected in some way to these aspirations.”Evolving traditionsParticipants in Hong Kong's dragon boat races on Friday wore costumes including a cartoon version of Chinese Taoist deity Ne Zha.Guided by the thunderous beat of their drummers, crews pulled their paddles through the water in unison, each boat surging toward the finish line as spectators cheered them on. Others watched the races at home as they enjoyed zongzi with their families.“Today more than 64% of China's population lives in urban areas and people's lifestyles have been transformed,” Liu said. “In a large city, it's difficult to celebrate the festival the way people once did in rural communities. Festivals evolve along with the times.”Bao Nari, a Beijing resident who spent years away from home while she studied in Japan, said that while boat races were not part of her childhood celebrations, other long-standing Dragon Boat Festival traditions like wearing five-colored bracelets were passed down through her family.“After coming back, I'm impressed by how much cultural development has progressed here,” Bao said. “This cultural heritage has become deeply rooted in our hearts and it inspires our generation to be more confident.”___AP video producer Liu Zheng in Beijing and reporter Kanis Leung in Hong Kong contributed to this report.Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation U.S., with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/pope-leo-xiv-exalts-first-american-saint-mother-frances-cabrini/</link>
        <title>Pope Leo XIV exalts first American saint, Mother Frances Cabrini</title>
        <description>Pope says her care of migrants is a model for Christians</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 09:57:08 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Pope Leo XIV incenses the relics of St. Augustine as he visits the San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro Basilica in Pavia, northern Italy, on Saturday. Luca Bruno/AP PhotoPope says her care of migrants is a model for ChristiansSANT'ANGELO LODIGIANO, Italy – Pope Leo XIV on Saturday exalted the first American saint, Mother Frances Cabrini, as a model for Christians today to care for migrants in need, as he visited her birthplace during a day trip to northern Italy.Leo, who has clashed with the Trump administration over its migrant crackdown, urged young people in particular to learn about Cabrini's life and service, once again confirming history's first U.S. pope as the heir to Pope Francis in prioritizing the plight of migrants.Leo prayed before Cabrini's tomb in a basilica named for her in her birthplace in Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, near Milan, and presided over an evening prayer service. The visit to northern Italy is part of Leo's summertime grand tour of Italy to visit key cities to get to know his flock.Cabrini, the patron saint of migrants, is well known to many Americans for her work caring for Italian immigrants in the United States at the turn of the last century. Her work went beyond the U.S., however, as she crisscrossed the globe building schools, hospitals and orphanages for those who had nothing.After she died in 1917, as a naturalized U.S. citizen in Leo's native Chicago, Cabrini was beatified and then canonized in 1946 as the first American saint.Leo asks what Francis would doIn praising Cabrini on Saturday, Leo said she was inspired by her faith to help those migrants who had left everything behind to try to find a better life.“What could be more relevant today than a missionary charism dedicated to serving migrants?” he said.“Let us ask ourselves: if Mother Francesca were alive today, what would her missionary spirit tell her?” Leo said. “And what would a pope like Francis – who, as the son of Italian immigrants, made service to migrants one of the key priorities of his pontificate – ask of her?”“I therefore take this opportunity to make an appeal, especially to young people: get to know St. Frances Cabrini!” Leo said, urging them to read her writings, travel journals and notes from retreats.Faithful reach out to Pope Leo XIV as he leaves Pavia Cathedral in northern Italy, Saturday, June 20. Antonio Calanni/AP PhotoA July 4 with migrantsLeo has embraced the Catholic Church's Gospel-mandated call to “welcome the stranger” in his ministry to migrants. Last week, Leo spent two days in Spain's Canary Islands, a major destination for migrants leaving West Africa, where he called for welcoming and integrating those fleeing hardship and conflict.Leo's next Italy day trip is on July 4, when he heads to Lampedusa, the Sicilian island that is a major destination for migrants fleeing North Africa for Italy.Leo's clash with the Trump administration over migration has given added symbolic significance to his decision to spend July 4 – U.S. Independence Day – in Lampedusa, which was where Francis chose to make his first trip outside Rome as pope, in 2013.A prayer at the tomb of St. AugustineLeo arrived in Cabrini's hometown after first stopping in nearby Pavia to pray at the tomb of St. Augustine, the fifth-century inspiration of his religious order. There, he encouraged Italians to rediscover their lagging Catholic faith.Like many once-Christian strongholds in Europe, Italy has seen its churches empty in recent years amid secularizing trends, with fewer and fewer Italians getting married in the church or going to Mass regularly.“At a time when many people seem to have lost their spiritual appetite or, for various reasons, no longer find the Christian faith appealing for their lives, we are called first and foremost to proclaim the Gospel,” Leo said.He pointed to Augustine as a source of inspiration for today's faithful.Augustine was born in 354 in what is today Algeria, but he lived for five years in and around Milan, where he converted to Christianity. He later became a bishop, developed a rule for monastic life and wrote some of the most important works of Western thought, including “Confessions” and “The City of God.”“His thought, the story of his conversion, and his spirituality remind us of the value and primacy of interiority,” of finding meaning inside oneself, Leo said.Leo proclaimed himself a “son of St. Augustine” on the night of his election and has cited Augustine prolifically in his first year, making clear that the saint is the guiding inspiration of his pontificate.___Nicole Winfield reported from Rome.___Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation U.S., with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/popes-historic-speech-to-spains-parliament-demands-respect-for-migrants/</link>
        <title>Pope’s historic speech to Spain’s parliament demands respect for migrants</title>
        <description>His words get a 7-minute ovation</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 09:49:52 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Pope Leo XIV delivers his speech as he meets with members of the Spanish Parliament at the Congress of Deputies, in Madrid, Monday, June 8, 2026. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)Alessandra TarantinoHis words get a 7-minute ovationMADRID – Spanish lawmakers gave Pope Leo XIV a standing ovation on Monday after he called for respect for migrants' rights and international law in a historic address to parliament that signaled a new level of acceptance of the Catholic Church in the overwhelmingly secular country.In the first-ever papal address to Spanish lawmakers, the American pope said a “moral renewal” was necessary in legislatures and public life to ensure respect for the inherent dignity of all people, including migrants, the unborn and the most vulnerable.“The moral greatness of a nation is manifested, above all, in its capacity to accompany, protect and love those lives that are most fragile,” Leo said.Speeches by popes to foreign legislatures are rare, since they can imply recognition of a religious leader by lawmakers. Pope Francis addressed a joint session of the U.S. Congress in 2015, and Pope Benedict XVI addressed his native German Bundestag in 2011.That Leo was invited to speak to Las Cortes Generales showed a level of acceptance for the Catholic Church in a political setting that might have been unthinkable even a few years ago. The Catholic Church was a pillar of Gen. Francisco Franco's dictatorship, enjoying broad control and influence over Spanish society, but that waned after democracy took root in the 1970s.While many Spaniards still identify as Catholic, religious observance has dropped sharply amid secularizing trends seen in other once-staunchly Christian countries.And yet lawmakers gave Leo a 7-minute standing ovation with chants of “Viva el Papa!” – “Long live the pope!”Leo's weeklong visit to Spain – the first since Benedict visited in 2011 – has drawn large crowds, with an estimated 1.5 million people turning out for Mass on Sunday in a downtown plaza and 600,000 young people for a prayer vigil.Pope Leo XIV is flanked by Francina Armengol, President of the Congress of Deputies of Spain, left, and Pedro Rollan Ojeda, President of the Senate of Spain, as he meets with members of the Spanish Parliament at the Congress of deputies, in Madrid, on Monday. Alessandra Tarantino/AP PhotoPope calls for peace as Israel and Iran trade strikesLeo's speech came Monday as Israel and Iran traded fire, threatening to drag the Middle East back into a full-scale regional war. The pope repeated his demand for dialogue, “diplomatic courage” and the “the obligation of states to resolve their disputes through the peaceful means offered by international law.”He also lamented that European defense budgets were being built up as countries confront the threat posed by Russia following its full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the Trump administration's threats to reduce financial and military support for the continent.“It is therefore a cause for concern that, in various parts of the world – and in Europe as well – rearmament is once again being presented as an almost inevitable response to the fragility of the international situation,” Leo said.He repeated his demand for “rigorous ethical oversight” of automated weapons systems created by artificial intelligence “so that decisions regarding life and death are never left to automated systems nor removed from the moral responsibility of the human person.”Pope urges dignity, acceptance and integration for migrantsSpain's Socialist-led government has bucked a trend in Europe and the United States by defending immigration on economic and humanitarian grounds, launching a legalization push earlier this year for hundreds of thousands of immigrants without authorization. Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has highlighted the benefits to the economy with an aging workforce and low birth rate.Leo called for strengthened international efforts to prevent the smuggling of migrants and create conditions where they can choose to stay home.For those who flee conflict, poverty and climate change, he called for welcome and integration. Pope Francis made the plight of refugees reaching Europe a hallmark of his papacy, and Leo has insisted especially on the dignity of migrants in his native United States amid the Trump administration's crackdown.“This gives rise to a twofold demand for social justice: to offer safe and legal pathways, a respectful welcome and real opportunities for integration; and, at the same time, to promote the right to remain in one's own land, working to ensure that no one has to leave their home due to a lack of peace, security or decent living conditions, including economic inequalities and the effects of the climate crisis,” Leo said.Leo references the Spanish conquest and the slave tradeLeo cited the 16th century Spanish intellectual tradition, known as the School of Salamanca, that gave rise to concepts of international law and inherent human rights after Spain's colonial conquests of the Americas.He praised the theologians involved in the movement who “understood that reason could not be invoked to legitimize whatever force or self-interest that seemed convenient” and that there were “moral limits of power.”“It must be acknowledged that society and the church herself did not always live up to these insights found in their own Christian tradition,” Leo said.It was a reference to the Catholic Church's own role in the trans-Atlantic slave trade and colonial conquest, and recalled Leo's recent apology for the role the Holy See played in legitimizing slavery.Pope visits at a delicate political momentLeo's visit comes at a delicate time for Sánchez.Sánchez's Socialist Party has been hammered by corruption scandals, though none have directly implicated him. Probes have touched some of Sánchez's closest confidants, as well as his wife and brother.As they play out in the courts, Spain is increasingly frayed by political polarization. Sánchez's minority government has been unable to pass legislation, including a budget for the past three years.Leo, in an apparent reference to polarization, warned that “political pluralism should not degenerate into the constant disparagement of one's adversary.”Spain's progressive leader, who is an atheist, and the pope have converged on major issues including opposing the war in Iran. Both have been outspoken critics of the Trump administration.Last month, after visiting Leo in the Vatican, Sánchez called the pope's voice “a moral compass in the fight against injustice.”Traditionally, the Catholic Church in Spain has been closer to the conservative Popular Party than the Socialist Party, which championed social issues including same-sex marriage and abortion rights.However, by placing issues of justice at the center of their public discourse, Pope Francis and now Leo have narrowed the gap between the Vatican and progressive governments, said Rafael Ruiz Andrés, a sociology professor at Complutense University of Madrid who specializes in religious dynamics.___Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation U.S., with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/for-2-centuries-latter-day-saints-have-revered-religious-freedom-but-their-definition-is-evolving/</link>
        <title>For 2 centuries, Latter-day Saints have revered religious freedom – but their definition is evolving</title>
        <description>A man walks past the Salt Lake Temple, a temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, at Temple Square in Salt Lake City. AP File Photo On July 5, 2026, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day...</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2026 10:34:21 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[A man walks past the Salt Lake Temple, a temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, at Temple Square in Salt Lake City. AP File Photo On July 5, 2026, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is encouraging its American members to participate in a special fast: a day to “express gratitude for religious liberty and to pray that it be strengthened throughout the world,” in the words of its top three leaders.The fast will coincide with the United States’ semiquincentennial celebrations. For Latter-day Saints, the 250th anniversary commemorations are not merely a historic milestone for the country, but an opportunity to reflect on their faith’s relationship to the American experiment. In the church’s early decades, that relationship often tested the boundaries of religious liberty – and the church’s own understanding of that principle has been evolving ever since.Divine planFrom the faith’s beginnings in the 1830s, founder Joseph Smith frequently emphasized the significance of religious liberty. In one 1843 sermon, for example, Smith explained that “civil and religious liberty … were diffused into my soul by my grandfathers,” both of whom had fought in the war of independence.Smith’s personal connection to the Revolution and the nation’s founding documents were central to the faith’s developing theology. Latter-day Saints believe that their church is a restoration of Jesus’ “only true and living church,” and that America’s founding helped make that possible. In other words, Mormonism exists because of the United States, specifically its tradition of religious freedom enshrined in the Constitution’s First Amendment.According to this logic, America’s founding was a crucial part of God’s divine plan, accomplished by chosen servants. Its founding documents are treated with reverence, especially the Constitution.One of Smith’s own revelations declared that God “established the Constitution of this land, by the hands of wise men whom I raised up unto this very purpose,” suggesting divine intervention.The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Farmington New Mexico Temple, is pictured on July, 2025, during a media day open house. Jerry McBride/Durango Herald, File‘Kingdom of God’However, Latter-day Saints soon came to doubt whether the United States was truly a land of religious freedom.Early on, the small Mormon church faced persecution – especially in Missouri and Illinois, where state-sanctioned mobs forced members to flee. After Smith was lynched in 1844, his successor, Brigham Young, decided to lead Latter-day Saints outside the country’s borders into present-day Utah, which was then northern Mexico.Yet on their path to the Great Basin region, the federal government enlisted a group of church members to serve in the Mexican American War. Known as the Mormon Battalion, they marched into Mexican territory under an American flag with only 13 stars. It was a symbolic protest: the U.S. they hoped to represent was the one that existed during the American Revolution, not the one with 28 states that had chased them out. They saw their own church, not the current government, as the revolutionaries’ true inheritor.Once the war was over, the U.S. annexed much of Mexico’s land, including the Utah region. For about two decades the church had latitude to establish what it called its “Kingdom of God” in the West, in line with church doctrine. But the federal government soon cracked down, particularly on the church’s commitment at the time to polygamy and theocracy: beliefs that Mormons insisted were protected by the First Amendment.The ensuing legal and political battles lasted for four decades, testing the boundaries of American religious liberty. Only after the Supreme Court ruled against a church member with two wives in 1879, and Congress passed legislation to further enforce anti-polygamy laws, did the church publicly forfeit the practice in 1890.Yet even amid these struggles, Latter-day Saint devotion to the founding generation continued. In 1877, for example, Wilford Woodruff, who later became president of the church, declared that he had received a vision of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. The signers “gathered around me, wanting to know why we did not redeem them” by offering them Latter-day Saint ordinances for the deceased.Though Woodruff’s vision has become the subject of Mormon folklore, it represents how deeply a certain strain of Americanism became woven into church culture in the 19th century. Just as Smith’s revelations had done a generation before, this vision and the sentiments behind it elevated the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution to quasi-scripture.Shifting focusDuring the 20th century the church continued to “Americanize,” such as by embracing U.S. capitalism and participating in the two-party system. Talk about religious freedom shifted away from primarily seeking protection for religious minorities toward protection for their own theological commitments as part of a Christian mainstream.By the mid-1900s, church leaders had embraced a conservative view of politics and law that championed limited government. Paralleling broader American attitudes during the Cold War, which pitted “godless” Soviet communism against American democracy and freedom of religion, Latter-day Saints used the language of religious freedom to advocate for their own interpretations of religion’s role in the public square.Latter-day Saint leaders’ list of perceived threats evolved from New Deal legislation and civil rights protections to abortion, the Equal Rights Amendment and, finally, homosexuality – similar to other conservative Christian groups’ concerns. The church got involved in a number of legal cases and campaigns opposing same-sex unions.Since the 2015 Supreme Court decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, which legalized same-sex marriage across the United States, the church’s public policy stance has focused on compromise, balancing protection of religious liberties with protection against discrimination for LGBTQ+ people in housing and employment.A global churchWhat becomes clear across the past two centuries is that definitions of religious freedom have substantially changed, including for Latter-day Saints. In the 19th century, church members focused on protecting all minority religious groups like themselves against the Protestant majority. Today, the church’s messaging on religious freedom, at least in the United States, usually concerns protecting beliefs that clash with secular progressivism and LGBTQ+ protections. Overall, its approach has largely aligned with the religious right.Equally significant, a majority of the church’s members now live outside the United States, and it is eager to present an image that is less American and more universal. Instead of elevating the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution as quasi-scripture, leaders tend to highlight principles of religious freedom that are applicable across the globe.The July fast will highlight “the importance of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution and how these documents support religious freedom,” but it will also call for expanding liberty around the world. The day will be an opportunity for Latter-day Saints to reflect on their own place in the American story – a place that is still being defined.This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/pope-leo-xiv-compares-ai-to-the-industrial-revolution-as-new-alternatives-to-big-ai-firms-take-sh/</link>
        <title>Pope Leo XIV compares AI to the Industrial Revolution – as new alternatives to big AI firms take shape</title>
        <description>Pope Leo XIV arrives in procession to celebrate a Mass at Bamenda Airport, Cameroon, Thursday, April 16. Andrew Medichini/AP File Photo With the release of his encyclical letter Magnifica Humanitas on May 25, 2026, Pope Leo XIV has signaled that...</description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 14:39:33 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=A5C55CDE-2103-5C06-B344-A1C268A3D90C&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=1.0E-5&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.88875&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Pope Leo XIV arrives in procession to celebrate a Mass at Bamenda Airport, Cameroon, Thursday, April 16. Andrew Medichini/AP File Photo With the release of his encyclical letter Magnifica Humanitas on May 25, 2026, Pope Leo XIV has signaled that he wants the church to respond to artificial intelligence much as a predecessor, Pope Leo XIII, responded to upheavals during the Industrial Revolution over a century ago.Since the first act of his papacy – choosing his name – the current pope has repeatedly invoked the earlier Leo’s 1891 encyclical Rerum Novarum. That document, which waded into the political and economic debates of the time, denounced the excesses of the Gilded Age and pointed toward a more just social order. Now, Leo XIV has used his first major statement to the world to present a new Rerum Novarum for the age of AI.Rerum Novarum was more than just a theological text. It helped reshape economic policy around the rights of workers, serving as a spiritual foundation for European social democracy and the 1930s New Deal programs that still undergird economic life for working Americans today. It also spurred a movement of entrepreneurs to transform the economic system from within.Understanding its influence is key to seeing the potential of Leo XIV’s encyclical.From guilds to cooperatives in the industrial eraIn his time, Leo XIII rejected both unfettered capitalism and revolutionary socialism. He invoked the medieval guilds, in which craftspeople self-organized, and asserted the rights of industrial workers to organize as well. This was a radical statement at a time when unions often faced violent suppression from employers and police.But in contrast to communist agitators, he didn’t want to do away with private property. He argued that to bring out the best in human beings, as creatures made in the image of God, governments should “induce as many as possible of the people to become owners.”This was more of a vision than a detailed plan, but Catholics in many countries started trying to figure out what the vision meant in practice.The English writers G.K. Chesterton and Hilaire Belloc, for instance, tried to systematize his vision in a movement they called “distributism,” which proposed policies for land redistribution and a revival of guilds. In the United States, economist and Catholic priest John A. Ryan argued in favor of cooperatives – businesses that could be co-owned by workers, consumers or small-business owners.Ryan went on to be an important adviser for the New Deal in the United States, which used cooperatives as a powerful tool for economic development through farmer co-ops, rural electric associations and the credit union system.The spirit of Rerum Novarum continued to spread. Starting in the 1950s, the largest network of worker cooperatives in the world, the Mondragon Corporation in Spain’s Basque region, was founded by a Catholic priest. It was a direct result of Leo XIII’s encyclical.My own career has been in its shadow. As a media scholar and a Roman Catholic – and an advocate for efforts to build cooperative tech platforms – I sometimes think of my own work as applying Rerum Novarum to the online economy. With Magnifica Humanitas, the pope appears to be making a similar argument for the age of artificial intelligence.A tale of 2 citiesOnce again, society is going through an economic upheaval: New technologies are changing the nature of work, political systems are under strain, and wealth inequality is staggering. In Magnifica Humanitas, Leo XIV argues that an intervention akin to Rerum Novarum is needed.The guiding metaphor of Magnifica Humanitas is the choice between two biblical scenes: the Tower of Babel and the rebuilding of Jerusalem under the prophet Nehemiah.The first is a story about the dream of a city that sets out to erect a single building as high as the heavens. Babel, as Leo XIV writes in the encyclical, is a city “built on pride and the claim to self-sufficiency.” In the biblical account, the project collapses as the world’s common language is scattered into many diverse ones.The pope contrasts this with the story of the Hebrew prophet Nehemiah, who lived in the fifth century B.C.E., when Jews were returning from exile to a ruined Jerusalem. Nehemiah organized the city’s rebuilding through a collaborative process based on shared responsibility. While united in prayer, the city’s various families and professions could each put their distinctive marks on their work.The current AI industry, he argues, is in danger of becoming a new Tower of Babel. Just a few companies control this powerful technology supposedly poised to transform work, politics and society for everyone.He warns that many AI leaders are enthused by ideologies that propose to trade human limits for the godlike powers of machines. Some are even cheerfully embracing a world where human labor is no longer central to the economy. Leo also fears that human choice is becoming more removed from the execution of war.In the face of all this, the encyclical calls on people everywhere to adopt “the pressing duty to remain profoundly human” – to be neither “spectators” nor “commentators” but to take an active role by participating in what he calls “the construction sites of history.” Some already are.Construction sites for a different kind of AIIt is easy to see the emerging AI industry in Babel-like terms – a few massive tech companies build the models and provide access to them on their terms. But other paths are still possible. My colleagues and I have been documenting cases that could be the germ of a different kind of AI industry – one more aligned with what the pope is calling for.Just as during the Industrial Revolution, a more just future begins with workers resisting against the abuses of the present. From Hollywood to Nairobi, workers have been fighting for dignity as AI changes their professions. Magnifica Humanitas stresses the importance of decent jobs to a healthy society, and workers’ demands can help identify what the future of work should look like.Other approaches begin among AI developers themselves. In Switzerland, a collaboration between government and academia has produced Apertus, a foundational model based on fully documented designs and data sources – a far cry from the opaque and at times illegal practices of leading AI companies. Some of Apertus’ developers have created a consumer cooperative, enabling users to co-own their interface with the model.Cooperative ownership like this allows users to tune AI experiences more intentionally toward their needs. The large U.S. farmer co-op Land O’Lakes, for example, has created AI-enabled tools that provide analysis and guidance for its members based on the data that they collectively co-own. The more nascent Transkribus in Europe is co-owned by research institutions that collectively train their AI software to transcribe texts for historical research. These kinds of systems follow Leo XIV’s call to “manage data as a common or shared good.”It is telling that even among leading AI companies such as OpenAI and Anthropic, the founders attempted to build unusual corporate governance structures to insulate their products from profit motives. Governments could encourage more appropriate ownership designs or outright require them for high-risk industries like AI.If Rerum Novarum is any guide, the impact of Magnifica Humanitas will depend on the creative entrepreneurship and policy experiments to put it into practice – and this work has already begun.This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts. The Conversation is wholly responsible for the content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/pope-leo-xiv-makes-historic-apology-for-vaticans-role-in-legitimizing-slavery-2/</link>
        <title>Pope Leo XIV makes historic apology for Vatican’s role in legitimizing slavery</title>
        <description>Pope Leo XIV speaks during the presentation of his first encyclical, “Magnifica humanitas: On Safeguarding the Human Person in the Time of Artificial Intelligence,” at the Vatican on Monday. Alessandra Tarantino/AP Photo VATICAN CITY – Pope Leo XIV made a...</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2026 09:26:01 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=A6A78074-538A-5F2E-9332-A314A2E504C8&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=0.05625&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.88875&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Pope Leo XIV speaks during the presentation of his first encyclical, “Magnifica humanitas: On Safeguarding the Human Person in the Time of Artificial Intelligence,” at the Vatican on Monday. Alessandra Tarantino/AP Photo VATICAN CITY – Pope Leo XIV made a historic apology on Monday for the Holy See's role in legitimizing slavery and for having failed to condemn it for centuries, calling the Vatican's record a “wound in Christian memory.”Past popes have apologized for Christians' involvement in the trans-Atlantic slave trade. But no pope had ever publicly acknowledged, much less apologized for, the role that past popes played in giving European sovereigns explicit authority to subjugate and enslave “infidels.”History's first U.S.-born pope, whose family history includes both enslaved people and slave owners, delivered the apology in his first encyclical, “Magnifica Humanitas,” (Magnificent Humanity), which was released Monday.The sweeping manifesto is about safeguarding humanity in an era of increasing reliance on artificial intelligence. Leo raised the slave trade in relation to what he called the new forms of slavery and colonialism that the digital revolution is fueling.Black American Catholics, activists and scholars have long called for the Holy See to atone for its role in the colonial-era trade in human beings, beyond generic apologies for the involvement of individual Christians.“It is impossible not to feel deep sorrow when contemplating the immense suffering and humiliation endured by so many in stark contrast to their immeasurable dignity as persons infinitely loved by the Lord,” Leo wrote. “For this, in the name of the church, I sincerely ask for pardon.”Shannen Dee Williams, historian at the University of Dayton and author of the 2022 history of American Black Catholic nuns, “Subversive Habits,” welcomed the apology as a “monumental step toward the kind of essential truth-telling and reparation that many Catholics have prayed and worked to witness.”“The Catholic Church has never been an innocent bystander in the history of white supremacy,” said Williams. “Black Catholics have waited a long time to hear the Vatican speak honestly about the church's leading roles in the trans-Atlantic slave trade and chattel slavery – and thus by extension the enduring systems of anti-Black racism in the world today.”Centuries of legitimizing slavery for European colonizersThe Vatican has insisted that it always upheld the dignity of all human beings as children of God. But a series of 15th-century directives from the Vatican authorized Portuguese sovereigns to conquer Africa and the Americas and enslave non-Christians.In 1452, for example, Pope Nicholas V issued the papal bull Dum Diversas, which gave the Portuguese king and his successors the right “to invade, conquer, fight and subjugate” and take all possessions – including land – of “Saracens, and pagans, and other infidels, and enemies of the name of Christ” anywhere.The bull also gave the Portuguese permission “to reduce their persons to perpetual slavery.”That bull and another issued three years later, Romanus Pontifex, formed the basis of the Doctrine of Discovery, the theory that legitimized the colonial-era seizure of land in Africa and the Americas.Nicholas V's permissions to the Portuguese were confirmed or renewed by Pope Callixtus III in 1456, Pope Sixtus IV in 1481 and Pope Leo X in 1514, according to the Rev. Christopher J. Kellerman, a Jesuit priest and author of “All Oppression Shall Cease: A History of Slavery, Abolitionism, and the Catholic Church.”Spanish kings received the rights for the Americas.In 2023, the Vatican formally repudiated the Doctrine of Discovery, but it never formally rescinded, abrogated or rejected the bulls themselves. The Vatican insists that a later bull, Sublimis Deus in 1537, reaffirmed that Indigenous peoples shouldn't be deprived of their liberty or the possession of their property, and weren't to be enslaved.Holy See late to condemn slavery, Leo saysIn his encyclical, Leo recalled that his namesake, Pope Leo XIII, was the first pope to explicitly condemn slavery in 1888, long after many countries had abolished it. Before that, in antiquity and the Middle Ages, church institutions and even popes – Gregory the Great – had slaves, Kellerman said.In acknowledging the 15th century papal bulls, Leo wrote in his encyclical: “Already in the early modern period, the Apostolic See of Rome, responding to the requests of sovereigns, intervened several times in order to regulate and legitimize forms of subjugation, and, in certain cases, including the enslavement of 'infidels.'”Leo said it wasn't possible to judge the morality of the decisions with today's standards.“Yet neither can we deny or diminish the delay with which both society and the church came to denounce the scourge of slavery,” he said.The pope said that the church has long affirmed the dignity of every human being as the basis of its doctrine, “even if it took eighteen centuries for its full incompatibility with slavery to be explicitly recognized.”“This constitutes a wound in Christian memory, one from which we cannot consider ourselves detached,” he said.Leo said that the church must firmly condemn all forms of trafficking related to the digital technological revolution “if we want to avoid the need to ask for pardon again in the future for having failed to respect the treasure of human dignity that is required by our faith.”Anthea Butler, senior fellow at the Koch History Center, Oxford University, said Leo needed to acknowledge and atone for the church's complicity in historic slavery if he wanted to credibly “speak to the current issues of technological enslavement.”“For descendants of enslaved persons, this is once again a much needed apology from the pope,” said Butler, who is Black.Leo's own family history and past apologiesKellerman, the scholar, welcomed Leo's apology but said more needs to be done to further acknowledge how the Catholic Church legitimized and expanded slavery.“Pope Leo has strengthened the moral credibility of the church with this admission and apology today,” he told The Associated Press. “Hopefully a future document will explain in more detail the church's involvement with slaveholding. As a scholar I have some quibbles with the wording, but this is a truly remarkable moment.”During a 1985 visit to Cameroon, St. John Paul II asked forgiveness of Africans for the slave trade on behalf of Christians who participated in it, but not the popes. In a 1992 visit to Goree Island, Senegal, which was the largest slave-trading center in West Africa, he denounced the injustice of slavery and called it a “tragedy of a civilization that called itself Christian.”According to genealogical research published by Henry Louis Gates Jr., 17 of Leo's American ancestors were Black, listed in census records as mulatto, Black, Creole or a free person of color. His family tree includes slaveholders and enslaved people, Gates wrote in The New York Times.During a visit to Angola last month, Leo prayed at a Catholic shrine at the site of an important hub of the African slave trade during Portugal's colonial rule. While at the Sanctuary of Mama Muxima, Leo recalled the “sorrow and great suffering” Angolans endured for centuries, but he didn't refer specifically to slavery.___Winfield reported from Middletown, Connecticut.___Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP's collaboration with The Conversation U.S., with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/muslim-pilgrims-converge-on-arafat-for-prayers-and-worship-as-hajj-reaches-its-peak/</link>
        <title>Muslim pilgrims converge on Arafat for prayers and worship as Hajj reaches its peak</title>
        <description>The pilgrimage is required for every Muslim</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2026 09:18:46 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=33F43E7A-DFCD-5EA0-831A-E76DCE396111&#038;function=thumbnail&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;width=600&#038;height=400" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Muslim pilgrims walk toward the rocky hill known as the Mountain of Mercy, on the Plain of Arafat, during the annual Hajj pilgrimage near the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia on Tuesday. Altaf Qadri/AP PhotoThe pilgrimage is required for every MuslimARAFAT, Saudi Arabia – Muslim pilgrims from around the world congregated on Mount Arafat in Saudi Arabia on Tuesday, the second official day of the annual Islamic pilgrimage, considered the pinnacle of Hajj.Despite the sweltering heat, the pilgrims gathered on the rocky hill and surrounding plain for intense prayers that often mark a spiritual peak. Typically, they fervently murmur prayers and pour their hearts out in supplications, asking God for forgiveness, mercy, blessings and good health. It is common for many pilgrims on that day to raise their hands in worship, with tears streaming down their faces.Hajj, one of the Five Pillars of Islam, is required once in a lifetime for every Muslim who can afford it and is physically able to perform it.Muslim pilgrims pray at top of the rocky hill known as the Mountain of Mercy, on the Plain of Arafat, during the annual Hajj pilgrimage near the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, on Tuesday. Altaf Qadri/AP PhotoFor pilgrims, Hajj, performed over several days, can be a deeply moving spiritual experience and a chance to seek God's forgiveness and the erasure of past sins. As they brave the intense heat to perform religious rituals, many pilgrims have been using umbrellas for shade.A Saudi official said on Friday that more than 1.5 million pilgrims have arrived in the country from abroad.This year, Muslims have been pouring into Saudi Arabia for the Hajj against the backdrop of a tenuous ceasefire in the Iran war and related uncertainty in the region.The U.S. military said Monday that it carried out “self-defense” strikes in southern Iran, including on missile launch sites and boats used to lay mines, even as President Donald Trump said on social media that negotiations with Tehran were “proceeding nicely.”For many, performing the Hajj can be a realization of a lifelong dream as they spend years hoping and praying to one day be able to undertake the pilgrimage or saving up money and waiting for a permit to embark on the trip.“This happens once in a lifetime,” Mohammad Asal, an Egyptian pilgrim, said. “People here have prepared their prayers, hoping that God will respond to them, because we know that … the most important ritual of the Hajj is being in Arafat.”Hajj brings together large numbers of Muslims of diverse races, ethnicities, languages and socioeconomic classes, creating a sense of unity for many. It's a mass, communal experience, with Muslims performing rituals together. But it is also deeply personal, as every pilgrim brings their own yearnings and experiences.“Our wishes are many,” Mohammad Obaid, a Sudanese pilgrim, said, adding he was praying for Sudan and Muslims everywhere.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/u-s-mexico-border-wall-construction-is-desecrating-sacred-sites-indigenous-leaders-say/</link>
        <title>U.S.-Mexico border wall construction is desecrating sacred sites, Indigenous leaders say</title>
        <description>‘This is a great example of the federal government not following federal laws’</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 10:15:25 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=E698554C-6FA4-51C5-B254-220AF3F95D3D&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=0.05625&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.88875&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Construction crews work on a new border wall segment on Kuuchamaa Mountain, Friday, April 24, seen from Tecate, Mexico. Gregory Bull/AP Photo‘This is a great example of the federal government not following federal laws’TECATE, Mexico – White sage burning, Norma Meza Calles gathers guests at a Mexican wellness resort into a semicircle facing Kuuchamaa Mountain and asks everyone to close their eyes and feel its presence.“This is sacred to us like a church for you all. The mountain is our healer, our psychologist,” said Meza Calles, a Kumeyaay Nation tribal leader who explains that in its creation story a shaman transformed into the mountain. “Here is where we gather strength to live in this difficult world.”Then she calls for a moment of reflection. But the silence is pierced by the crushing of rock. U.S. federal contractors have been blasting and bulldozing Kuuchamaa, which straddles both countries, to make way for new sections of wall along the U.S.-Mexico border.Indigenous leaders say that in the Trump administration's rush to build border walls, contractors are desecrating Native American sacred places and cultural sites at an unprecedented pace, more than 170 years after the international boundary split the territories of dozens of tribes.Construction crews work on a new border wall segment near the end of a previously built section on Kuuchamaa Mountain, Friday, April 24, 2026, seen from Tecate, Mexico. Gregory Bull/AP PhotoFederal crews set off blasts on sacred mountainBarrier construction has ramped up along the 1,954-mile border even as illegal crossings have plummeted to historic lows. Much of it began this year after the U.S. Department of Homeland Security waived cultural and environmental laws.In California, explosions on Kuuchamaa send rocks hurtling down its Mexico side.“We feel that in our DNA,” said Emily Burgueno, a California member of the Kumeyaay Nation, adding that “body” and “land” are the same word in the Kumeyaay language. Some tribal leaders met with DHS officials to urge them to protect Kuuchamaa and are looking into legal action.“No one ever consented or supported the use of dynamite on the mountain,” Burgueno said.The nation consists of more than a dozen tribes in California and Mexico's Baja California.In Arizona, DHS contractors last month carved through a massive 1,000-year-old fish-shaped geoglyph called “Las Playas Intaglio.” The rare drawing, etched into the desert floor much like Peru's Nazca Lines, was created on a lava field in what is now the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge.The Tohono O'odham Nation said it had pointed out the site on its ancestral land for contractors to avoid.“This was a devastating and entirely avoidable loss,” Tohono O'odham Chairman Verlon Jose said in an April 30 statement. “There is nothing more important than our history, which is what makes us who we are as O'odham. The site was also an irreplaceable piece of the United States' history, one none of us can ever get back.”U.S. Customs and Border Protection said in a statement that a contractor “inadvertently disturbed” the site west of Ajo, Arizona, on April 23, but it vowed to protect the remaining portion. CBP Commissioner Rodney Scott is talking to tribal leaders to determine next steps.Members of the Inter-Tribal Association of Arizona, which represents 21 tribes, traveled to Washington last month to lobby against a 20-foot secondary wall being built along that section of the border, as well as a primary 30-foot bollard wall planned on Tohono O'odham tribal lands. They met with Homeland Security Secretary Markwayne Mullin, a Cherokee Nation member, who listened but made clear his intent is to build more border walls as fast as possible, the Tohono O'odham Nation said in a statement.Norma Meza Calles, a Kumeyaay Nation leader, gestures as she speaks of the sacred importance of Kuuchamaa Mountain, behind, at a wellness center, Friday, May 1, in Tecate, Mexico. Gregory Bull/AP PhotoHundreds of miles are under contractThe Trump administration says the barriers are necessary to keep people and drugs from entering the U.S. illegally. It wants walls to cover at least 1,400 miles of the border.Trump's “big, beautiful bill” devoted over $46 billion to the effort.CBP has awarded contracts or begun construction on over 600 miles of new border wall, with companion surveillance technology. A double wall is planned or under construction along another 370 miles.In Arizona, where the Patagonia Mountains descend to the border, heavy machinery crawls along freshly graded roads to extend a double wall that could block a wildlife corridor for endangered ocelots and jaguars. Jaguars have long coexisted with the Tohono O'odham, who consider the species “spiritual guardians,” Austin Nunez, a tribal leader, said in a 2025 lawsuit that unsuccessfully challenged the DHS waivers.In Sunland Park, on New Mexico's border with Mexico, crews this year set off blasts on Mount Cristo Rey, a pilgrimage site topped with a limestone crucifix.CBP is seeking to seize a strip of the mountain owned by the Roman Catholic Church for wall construction. The Diocese of Las Cruces asked a judge this month to deny the land transfer as an affront to religious liberties and the “faithful who seek to commune with God on Mount Cristo Rey.”In western Texas, the federal government in February notified ranchers on the Rio Grande east of Big Bend National Park of its interest in their land that contains canyonland pictographs and petroglyphs, said Raymond Skiles, a retired Big Bend National Park ranger.“There are pictographs, paintings of shaman figures and various things that we don't know how to interpret,” said Skiles, describing the drawings on his family's ranchlands.After community backlash, CBP's online planning map showed the 30-foot-wall plans were scrapped for surveillance technology, patrols and some vehicle barriers. A segment in the national park and neighboring Big Bend Ranch State Park would rely on technology alone.CBP says it recognizes the importance of natural and cultural resources and is working to minimize the construction's impact, including leaving drainage gates open in wildlife corridors for animal passage. Illegal border crossings have littered, polluted and trampled sensitive habitat, the agency says.CBP also says 535 miles of remote, rugged border terrain will solely rely on detection technology.Many tribes would prefer that to walls.Norma Meza Calles, a Kumeyaay Nation leader, lights a bundle of white sage as she talks of the sacred importance of nearby Kuuchamaa Mountain at a wellness center Friday, May 1, in Tecate, Mexico. Gregory Bull/AP PhotoDesecrating Native American sites is a felonyTribes along the border “are all experiencing the same tragic desecration of our cultural and sacred sites,” said Burgueno, chair of the Kumeyaay Diegueño Land Conservancy, a nonprofit organization in California that works to protect Kumeyaay lands. “This is a great example of the federal government not following federal laws.”Desecrating a sacred Native American site on U.S. federal or tribal land is a felony, punishable by imprisonment and fines. In 1992, the National Park Service listed Kuuchamaa Mountain, also called Tecate Peak, in the National Register of Historic Places, giving it limited protection. It noted that “discarding or disturbing the mountain's natural state would be sacrilegious.”Rising 3,885 feet above sea level, Kuuchamaa has also captivated non-Native people.Sarah Livia Brightwood Szekely said her father, Edmond Szekely, felt the mountain's healing energy when he arrived in Tecate, Mexico, as a Hungarian Jewish refugee during World War II, and started the renowned wellness resort, Rancho La Puerta, which she now runs.“There are all of these people that have a deep relationship with the mountain,” she said.Meza Calles leads walks at Rancho La Puerta to teach guests about Kuuchamaa.Traditionally, young men would spend 40 days at its base in a coming-of-age ceremony before becoming warriors or shamans, she said. Today's rituals are shorter. People suffering from a death, debt, divorce or other difficulty seek Kuuchamaa's healing, she said.“It's sad they are ruining the mountain,” she said. “We'll see how far they go. Destiny is destiny. But the fight is not over.”_____Lee reported from Santa Fe, New Mexico.Norma Meza Calles, a Kumeyaay Nation leader, touches a branch as she leads a guided tour of traditional Kumeyaay uses for local plants at a wellness center, Friday, May 1, in Tecate, Mexico. Gregory Bull/AP Photo]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/las-cruces-diocese-fights-federal-effort-to-seize-mount-cristo-rey-property-for-border-wall/</link>
        <title>Las Cruces Diocese fights federal effort to seize Mount Cristo Rey property for border wall</title>
        <description>Roughly 40,000 people annually climb the ‘holy site’ for a religious pilgrimage</description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2026 09:21:19 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=853E0953-EA97-5ABA-8FAB-321DA52B9DCF&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=0.0175&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.885&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Mount Cristo Rey in Sunland Park, New Mexico as seen from a U.S. Customs and Border Protection helicopter on Dec. 14, 2021. Justin Hamel/for Texas Tribune and Source NMRoughly 40,000 people annually climb the ‘holy site’ for a religious pilgrimageThe federal government last week revealed it intended to use eminent domain to wrest a 1.3-mile stretch of New Mexico borderland from the Catholic diocese for a border barrier, but church officials in federal court filings Friday argued that doing so would violate their religious freedom.The U.S. Customs and Border Patrol first announced last summer that it intended to build a border wall along the southern skirt of Mount Cristo Rey in Sunland Park, which the Roman Catholic Diocese of Las Cruces owns. Officials told Source NM at the time that site “was a major human smuggling infiltration site for the cartels.”On Thursday, lawyers for the United States Department of Justice’s Land Acquisition Section escalated their efforts, filing a notice in federal court seeking to seize the roughly 14 acres that comprise the church’s property along the New Mexico-Mexico border. According to the filings, the land would be used to build roads, fences and other structures to “help secure” the border.In separate filings, the government said it would offer the diocese $180,000 for the property, which government lawyers said was the fair market value of the land.But on Friday, the diocese, through its lawyers at the Institute for Constitutional Advocacy & Protection at Georgetown University Law Center, urged a judge to hold off on a deposit and land title transfer, because the diocese believes such a land seizure violates its First Amendment rights to freedom of religion.The diocese’s lawyers argued that Mount Cristo Rey is a “holy site” and noted that roughly 40,000 people annually climb Mount Cristo Rey, which has a 29-foot-tall statue of Jesus Christ at its peak, for a religious pilgrimage.As the federal government has pressured the church over the last year regarding the property, “The Diocese has consistently conveyed that condemnation of the property would substantially burden the free exercise of religion by the Diocese and the faithful who seek to commune with God on Mount Cristo Rey,” the diocese’s lawyers wrote in their filing Friday.Seth Wayne, the Georgetown University lawyer who authored the filing, told Source NM on Tuesday via email that the diocese will use “all available legal tools to assert its rights and stop this unjust taking.”“The Government’s attempt to use expedited procedures to condemn Diocesan land to build a border wall is an affront to religious liberty,” he said.In addition to the diocese’s concern about its religious rights, advocates have raised concerns building a wall in that area will degrade the natural environment and also result in increased immigrant deaths.U.S. District Court Judge Kenneth Gonzales is presiding over the case, according to court filings.Source New Mexico reporter Danielle Prokop contributed to this report. Source NM is an independent, nonprofit news organization that shines a light on governments, policies and public officials.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/worship-attendance-at-churches-up-for-the-first-time-in-decades-according-to-new-report/</link>
        <title>Worship attendance at churches up for the first time in decades, according to new report</title>
        <description>ATLANTA – The past 25 years have been rough for American churches and other houses of worship. The median worship attendance dropped by more than half. Church closures and the rise of the nones – those who claim no religion...</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 14:03:34 -0600</pubDate>
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        <content:encoded><![CDATA[ATLANTA – The past 25 years have been rough for American churches and other houses of worship.The median worship attendance dropped by more than half. Church closures and the rise of the nones – those who claim no religion – have grabbed all the headlines. And faith in institutions like organized religion has plummeted.Yet a new report from the Hartford Institute for Religion Research shows signs of a shift – for the first time in two decades, attendance is up. More people are volunteering, and there also seems to be a renewed sense of optimism among pastors and other clergy.“The headline finding is cautious optimism,” Alison Norton, co-director of the Hartford Institute for Religion Research, told reporters at the annual conference of the Religion News Association, meeting in Atlanta. She added that the data showed a story of resilience and recalibration.“Across a range of indicators, there are signs of recovery and, in some cases, renewal,” the study's authors wrote in a report released Friday (April 24), which surveyed a representative sample of leaders at 7,453 congregations between September and December of 2025.Median in-person attendance, which dropped from 137 in 2000 to 45 during COVID-19, is now at 70 adults, which is higher than the 2020 Faith Communities Today survey from the Hartford Center for Religious Research. That report found that the median attendance was 65.Researchers said the attendance growth, which is self-reported by the surveyed congregations, is not enough to reverse years of decline. Still, said Scott Thumma, director of the Hartford Institute for Religion Research, it has been a long time since there has been any uptick.Thumma said researchers had expected to see continued decline and withdrawal. “We were pretty surprised when we saw the 2025 data.” He added that for many congregations, this might be the first sign that the trajectory of decline might be shifted. As the report noted, “this is the first positive gain in median attendance in 25 years.”Catholic and Orthodox congregations had the highest reported median attendance (200), in part because those traditions have fewer parishes than Protestants. The median evangelical congregation reported 75 worshippers, while the median Mainline church reported 50.Just under half of the congregations (43%) said they grew by at least 5%, while a similar number (46%) reported declining by at least 5%. The rest said they were stable. “For the first time in decades, more congregations are stabilizing or growing rather than shrinking,” the authors wrote.Thumma said that larger congregations are more likely to grow, while smaller churches are more likely to decline.“After years of constraint, even modest gains can feel like recovery for these congregations,” Thumma said at the Religion News Association conference.The report is part of a long-term study of congregations during the COVID-19 era and beyond. The survey asked about attendance, giving, volunteers and demographics, as well as how church members and leaders felt about the future of their congregations. About half of the congregations were in the South, with the rest split between the Midwest, the Western U.S. and the Northeast.Earlier studies by Hartford showed that at first, congregations responded to the pandemic by adapting quickly to streaming and finding ways to minister when they could not gather in person. Then there was a lull as the pandemic stretched on and churches went into survival mode.Now that period seems to be over, said Charissa Mikoski, an assistant professor at Hartford Institute for Religion Research, who also worked on the study. And the churches that are growing, said Mikoski, are implementing the lessons of resilience they learned during the pandemic.“This is not just recovery, it's adaptation and experimentation,” said Mikoski.When the data showed attendance was up, researchers were skeptical.“We did go back and check very thoroughly,” Mikoski said. Other groups, like the Pew Research Center, have shown that the decline of religion in the U.S. has stabilized, at least for now, she said.The study also found that fewer clergy are thinking about leaving the ministry.“It's not too surprising if the congregations are feeling better and more volunteers are showing up, the clergy are going to start feeling better,” said Thumma.Thumma suspects the pandemic acted a little bit like a wake-up call for churches. They could no longer pretend that everything was OK and had to start making changes for the future.One other positive coming out of the pandemic? Giving is up, in large part because of a growth in online giving, said Thumma.“People no longer need to be physically present or even remember to give in the moment,” said Thumma.Median income grew from $120,000 in 2020 to $205,000 in 2025. The number of churches offering online giving rose from 58% in 2020 to 76% in 2025. As of 2025, about 40% of revenue came from online giving. Evangelical and non-Christian congregations were most likely to report a surplus. Mainline churches were more likely to report deficits. Thumma also noted that church expenses – especially for insurance and other building expenses – have grown.Thumma said that it will take some time to know if this growth will continue. The center is planning for a major survey of congregations in 2030 that may shed more light.The authors of the report were quick to say there's no major revival in Christianity. The longer trajectory of decline remains in place, they noted. But congregations do seem to be moving past survival mode and planning for the future.“What it is not is a story of revival or return to a previous era of sort of congregational glory in the United States,” said Norton. “Congregations have been through an extraordinary period of disruption, and though it has taken a while, many have come out of it with greater clarity about who they are and what they're called to do. That's showing up in the data in ways that are genuinely encouraging.”___This content is written and produced by Religion News Service and distributed by The Associated Press. RNS and AP partner on some religion news content. RNS is solely responsible for this story.___]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/what-to-know-about-the-ten-commandments-going-up-in-public-school-classrooms-2/</link>
        <title>What to know about the Ten Commandments going up in public school classrooms</title>
        <description>The Texas mandate is one of several fronts in the battle over religion in classrooms</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 10:20:39 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=EC421516-CA41-5A4C-9C52-45F2555CA105&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=0.05625&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.88875&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[A woman prepares to deliver hundreds of Ten Commandments posters to local public schools in New Braunfels, Texas, on Nov. 17, 2025. Eric Gay/AP File PhotoThe Texas mandate is one of several fronts in the battle over religion in classroomsDALLAS – Court rulings are bolstering mandates to display the Ten Commandments in public schools in the U.S. as supporters push to expand the role of religion in classrooms, including making Bible stories required reading for students.The biggest drive yet to put the Ten Commandments in every classroom began last year in Texas, where a challenge to the law was batted down Tuesday by a U.S. appeals court. While the issue remains far from settled, the ruling was a victory for conservatives who reject arguments that the displays proselytize to students or step on the rights of parents, including families of other faiths.The law has been met with a mix of enthusiasm and alarm, animating school board meetings and prompting the handing down of guidance to teachers about what to say when students ask questions. Some teachers have resigned instead of hanging the Ten Commandments in their classrooms.Here are some things to know about the issue:States pushing the Ten CommandmentsRepublicans in the South have led the way. Louisiana became the first state to pass a requirement in 2024, followed by Arkansas and Texas.The latest is Alabama, where this month Republican Gov. Kay Ivey signed a law requiring the Ten Commandments to be displayed in 5th through 12th grade public school classrooms where U.S. history is routinely taught, as well as common areas like cafeterias and school libraries.Texas' law, signed by Republican Gov. Greg Abbott, requires the Ten Commandments to be posted in every public school classroom and took effect in September. With the law only requiring districts to hang them if they are donated, conservative groups and individuals began dropping off boxes of posters at campuses across the state as the school year began.An Associated Press analysis of state legislation compiled by the bill-tracking software Plural found at least 30 measures introduced for current sessions would require the display of the document at schools. The bills were all introduced by Republican lawmakers – and nearly all of them in GOP-controlled states.Only a few have been endorsed by a legislative committee. There are also bills in some states to allow the display or to require teaching that includes the document.Courts give supporters key victoriesThe 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans reversed a lower-court ruling that for months had blocked about a dozen Texas districts from hanging the posters. In a 9-8 decision, it said the requirement does not violate students' or parents' rights.“No child is made to recite the Commandments, believe them, or affirm their divine origin,” the ruling says.The American Civil Liberties Union and other groups that challenged the Texas law on behalf of parents said they were “extremely disappointed” in the appeals court's decision.“The First Amendment safeguards the separation of church and state, and the freedom of families to choose how, when and if to provide their children with religious instruction,” they said in a statement. “This decision tramples those rights.”In February the same appeals court cleared the way for Louisiana to enforce its own law. That state's attorney general, Republican Liz Murrill, celebrated the decision in the Texas case, saying it “adopted our entire legal defense.”The larger fight over religion in schoolsThe Ten Commandments mandate in Texas is one of several fronts in the battle over religion in classrooms. In 2024 the state approved optional Bible-infused curriculum for elementary schools, and a proposal set for a vote in June would add Bible stories to required reading lists.In neighboring Oklahoma the former top education official required public schools to begin incorporating the Bible into lesson plans for students in grades 5 through 12, prompting a lawsuit from parents and teachers. Many schools simply ignored the mandate.Last year the Oklahoma Supreme Court blocked an attempt by the state to have the first publicly funded religious charter school in the country. The case is pending before the U.S. Supreme Court.What comes nextThe ACLU and other groups that challenged the Texas law have said they anticipate appealing the 5th Circuit's ruling to the U.S. Supreme Court.___Associated Press writers Audrey McAvoy in Honolulu, Geoff Mulvihill in Haddonfield, New Jersey, Sean Murphy in Oklahoma City and Kim Chandler in Montgomery, Alabama, contributed.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/supreme-court-will-hear-from-religious-preschools-challenging-exclusion-from-taxpayer-funded-prog/</link>
        <title>Supreme Court will hear from religious preschools challenging exclusion from taxpayer-funded program</title>
        <description>The U.S. Supreme Court is seen on Friday in Washington. Mariam Zuhaib/AP Photo WASHINGTON – The Supreme Court on Monday agreed to hear from Catholic preschools that say it’s unconstitutional to exclude them from a state-funded program because they won’t...</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2026 10:36:21 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=C63825C0-631D-520E-8AAD-D7B6EC061393&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=0.05583333&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.88875&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[The U.S. Supreme Court is seen on Friday in Washington. Mariam Zuhaib/AP Photo WASHINGTON – The Supreme Court on Monday agreed to hear from Catholic preschools that say it's unconstitutional to exclude them from a state-funded program because they won't admit kids from LGBTQ+ families.In the latest religious rights case for the conservative-majority court, the justices will hear from Colorado's St. Mary Catholic Parish and the Archdiocese of Denver, which are supported by the Republican Trump administration.The schools argue that Colorado is violating their religious rights by barring them from the taxpayer-funded universal preschool program over their faith-based admission policies. They say the state has allowed other preschools to prioritize children with disabilities or those from low-income families, so admission based on religious beliefs about gender and same-sex marriage should be allowed, too.The state said that religious schools are welcome to participate but are required to follow nondiscrimination laws. Income and disability decisions are in line with those rules, Colorado said. The program was created by a 2020 ballot measure and provides public funding for preschool at schools selected by parents.The plaintiffs are represented by the group Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, which applauded the high court's decision to take up the case.“The Supreme Court has repeatedly held that states cannot exclude families from government benefits because of their faith. We're confident the Court will say the same thing here and put a stop to Colorado's no-Catholics-need-apply rules,” said Nicholas Reaves, a senior counsel at Becket.As part of the case, which will be heard in the fall, the court will consider narrowing a landmark 1990 decision over the spiritual use of peyote, a cactus that contains a hallucinogen called mescaline. That opinion, written by conservative icon Justice Antonin Scalia, found religious practices don't create exemptions from broadly applicable laws.The justices declined a push from the schools, along with a Catholic family in Colorado, to overturn the ruling.The high court recently has backed other claims of religious discrimination while taking a more skeptical view of LGBTQ+ rights.The justices last month ruled against another law in Colorado that banned “conversion therapy” for LGBTQ+ kids after the measure was challenged by a Christian counselor.Last year, the justices found that parents who have religious objections can pull their children from Maryland public school lessons that use LGBTQ+ storybooks. In 2022, the court found a high school football coach who knelt and prayed on the field after games was protected by the Constitution.The court deadlocked, though, over a plan to establish a publicly funded Catholic charter school after Justice Amy Coney Barrett recused herself.___Follow the AP's coverage of the U.S. Supreme Court at https://apnews.com/hub/us-supreme-court.]]></content:encoded>
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        <link>https://tcr.durangoherald.com/pope-leo-urges-peace-in-first-easter-mass-as-christians-celebrate-in-jerusalem-gaza-and-tehran/</link>
        <title>Pope Leo urges peace in first Easter Mass as Christians celebrate in Jerusalem, Gaza and Tehran</title>
        <description>Pope Leo XIV sprinkles holy water with a bunch of hyssop sprigs as he presides over Easter Mass in St. Peter’s Square at the Vatican on Sunday. Andrew Medichini/AP Photo VATICAN CITY – Pope Leo XIV celebrated his first Easter...</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 06 Apr 2026 10:58:15 -0600</pubDate>
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        <media:thumbnail url="https://imengine.public.prod.dur.navigacloud.com/?uuid=D8D05FD0-3903-5C0E-B391-56925D756B8E&#038;function=cropresize&#038;type=preview&#038;source=false&#038;q=75&#038;width=1200&#038;x=1.0E-5&#038;y=1.0E-5&#038;crop_w=0.88875&#038;crop_h=0.99999" />
        <content:encoded><![CDATA[Pope Leo XIV sprinkles holy water with a bunch of hyssop sprigs as he presides over Easter Mass in St. Peter’s Square at the Vatican on Sunday. Andrew Medichini/AP Photo VATICAN CITY – Pope Leo XIV celebrated his first Easter Mass as pontiff with a call Sunday to lay down arms and seek peace to global conflicts through dialogue, but he departed from a tradition of listing the world's woes by name in the Urbi et Orbi blessing from the loggia of St. Peter's Basilica.Leo, the first U.S.-born pope, emphasized Easter's message of hope as a celebration of Jesus' resurrection after being crucified.“Let us allow our hearts to be transformed by his immense love for us! Let those who have weapons lay them down! Let those who have the power to unleash wars choose peace! Not a peace imposed by force, but through dialogue! Not with the desire to dominate others, but to encounter them!” the pope implored.With the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran in its second month and Russia's ongoing campaign in Ukraine, Leo acknowledged a sense of indifference “to the deaths of thousands of people … to the repercussions of hatred and division that conflicts sow … to the economic and social consequences they produce.''Without mentioning the wars by name, Leo quoted his predecessor, Pope Francis, who during his last public appearance from the same loggia last Easter reminded the faithful of the “great thirst for death, for killing, we witness each day.''Francis, weakened by a long illness, died the next day on Easter Monday.The Urbi et Orbi blessing, Latin for “to the city and the world,'' has traditionally included a litany of the world's woes. Leo followed that formula during his Christmas blessing. There was no immediate explanation for the shift.Earlier, Leo addressed some 50,000 faithful from an open-air altar in St. Peter's Square flanked with white roses, while the steps leading down to the piazza where the faithful gathered were filled with spring perennials, symbolically resonating with the pope's words.He implored the faithful in his homily to keep their hope in the face of death, which lurks “in the abuses that crush the weakest among us, because of the idolatry of profit that plunders the earth's resources, because of the violence of war that kills and destroys.''Speaking from the loggia, the pope announced a prayer vigil for peace April 11 in the basilica.Pope Leo XIV addresses the faithful after delivering the Urbi et Orbi blessing – Latin for “to the city of Rome and to the world” – from the central loggia of St. Peter's Basilica at the end of Easter Mass he presided over in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican on Sunday. Alessandra Tarantino/AP PhotoAlessandra TarantinoSmall shifts in traditionsLeo greeted the global faithful in 10 languages, including Arabic, Chinese and Latin, reviving a practice that his predecessor Pope Francis had let lapse.Before retreating into the basilica, Leo stepped forward out of the loggia's shadow and waved to the cheering crowd below. He later greeted people in the piazza from the popemobile that took him all the way down Via della Conciliazione toward the Tiber River and back.During the marathon that is Holy Week, Leo also reclaimed the tradition of washing priests' feet on Holy Thursday, a gesture of encouragement toward clergy, after Francis had chosen a more inclusive path, traveling to prisons and homes for the disabled to wash the feet of women, non-Christians and prisoners.The 70-year-old pontiff also became the first pope in decades to carry the light wooden cross for the entire 14 stations during the Way of the Cross on Good Friday.Christians in the Holy Land mark a subdued EasterTraditional ceremonies at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, revered by Christians as the traditional site of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, were scaled back under an agreement with Israeli police. Authorities have put limits on the sizes of public gatherings due to ongoing missile attacks.The restrictions also dampened the recent Muslim holy month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr holiday, as well as the current weeklong Jewish festival of Passover. On Sunday, the Jewish priestly blessing at the Western Wall – normally attended by tens of thousands – was limited to just 50 people.The restrictions have strained relations between Israeli authorities and Christian leaders. Police last week prevented two of the church's top religious leaders, including Latin Patriarch Pierbattista Pizzaballa, from celebrating Palm Sunday at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.Gaza's tiny Palestinian Christian community celebrates first Easter since ceasefireAt the Holy Family church in Gaza City, Catholics young and old gathered for a traditional Easter Mass. Singing, they formed a queue in the aisle, waiting for their chance to kiss a sketch of Jesus held by a member of the clergy who wiped the glass frame between turns.“There is great joy, especially after the ceasefire and after nearly three years of suffering and being unable to celebrate all the holy holidays,” said George Anton from Gaza City. “People are somewhat relieved and more stable.”Armenian Christians try to show normalcy by celebrating in IranArmenian Christians observed Easter at a church in Iran's capital on Sunday, striving to maintain a sense of normalcy five weeks into the war.Families embraced and children exchanged painted eggs at the St. Sarkis Cathedral in central Tehran. Iran's capital has been targeted by daily airstrikes since the United States and Israel launched the war on Feb. 28.“Whether we like it or not, we have young children who do not understand what's going on,” said Juanita Arakel, 40, an English language teacher. “They just need to feel normal.”The Islamic Republic, with a population of around 90 million, is home to some 300,000 Christians, mostly Armenians, and three seats in parliament are reserved for Christians.“Our calls and prayers are that we will be able to end this war,” said Sepuh Sargsyan, the archbishop of the Armenian Diocese of Tehran. “Our calls and prayers are that we will be able to end this war.”____Barry reported from Milan. Associated Press journalists Josef Federman in Jerusalem, Wafaa Shurafa in Deir al-Balah, Gaza Strip, and Bassem Mroue in Tehran, Iran, contributed to this report.]]></content:encoded>
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